Open Journal of Pediatrics, 2020, 10, 392-403 https://www.scirp.org/journal/ojped ISSN Online: 2160-8776 ISSN Print: 2160-8741 DOI: 10.4236/ojped.2020.103040 Jul. 15, 2020 392 Open Journal of Pediatrics Prevalence and Factors Associated with Rotavirus Infection among Vaccinated Children Hospitalized for Acute Diarrhea in Mwanza City, Tanzania: A Cross Sectional Study Dina Mahamba 1,2 , Adolfine Hokororo 2 , Florentina Mashuda 2 , Delfina R. Msanga 2 , Elice C. Bendera 2 , Elizabeth N. Kwiyolecha 2 , Benson R. Kidenya 3 , Stephen E. Mshana 4 , Mariam M. Mirambo 4 1 Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania 2 Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania 3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania 4 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania Abstract Introduction: Rotavirus infection is a leading cause of severe diarrhea cul- minating to dehydration among children under five years of age. Under- standing trends and factors that could assist towards devising effective pre- ventive strategies of Rotavirus infection beyond vaccination is crucial. Objec- tives: This study was done in an attempt to determine the prevalence and as- sociated factors of Rotavirus infection among vaccinated children aged be- tween 6 weeks and 24 months admitted with acute diarrhea Mwanza, Tanza- nia. Material and Methods: Across sectional study involving vaccinated children aged 6 weeks to 24 months was conducted in three selected hospitals from July 2017 to January 2018. Socio-demographic and other relevant clini- cal information were collected using a standardized data collection tool adopted from WHO Rotavirus surveillance tool. Rotavirus infection from the stool was detected using an enzyme immunoassay. Data were analyzed using STATA version 13. Results: A total of 301 vaccinated children with acute di- arrhea with a median age of 12 [IQR: 8 - 17] months were enrolled. Nine (3.0%) and 292 (97.0%) had received one dose and two doses of Rotavirus How to cite this paper: Mahamba, D., Hokororo, A., Mashuda, F., Msanga, D.R., Bendera, E.C., Kwiyolecha, E.N., Kidenya, B.R., Mshana, S.E. and Mirambo, M.M. (2020) Prevalence and Factors Associated with Rotavirus Infection among Vaccinated Children Hospitalized for Acute Diarrhea in Mwanza City, Tanzania: A Cross Sec- tional Study. Open Journal of Pediatrics, 10, 392-403. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojped.2020.103040 Received: May 12, 2020 Accepted: July 12, 2020 Published: July 15, 2020 Copyright © 2020 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access