2020 17th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control (CCE)
Mexico City, Mexico. November 11-13, 2020
978-1-7281-8987-1/20/$31.00 ©2020 IEEE
Photoluminescence emission under thermal
annealing of Silica and Titania nanospheres arrays
Carina Gutierrez
Optics
National Institute for
Astrophysics Optics and
Electronics.
Puebla, Mexico.
carina.gutierrez@inaoep.mx
Mario Moreno
Electronics
National Institute for
Astrophysics Optics and
Electronics.
Puebla, Mexico.
mmoreno@inaoep.mx
Ponciano Rodríguez
Optics
National Institute for
Astrophysics Optics and
Electronics.
Puebla, Mexico.
ponciano@inaoep.mx
Leticia Tecuapetla
Electronics
National Institute for
Astrophysics Optics and
Electronics.
Puebla, Mexico.
tecuap@inaoep.mx
Armando Hernandez
Electronics
National Institute for
Astrophysics Optics and
Electronics.
Puebla, Mexico.
ahdz@hotmail.com
Adrian Itzmoyotl
Faculty of Electronics Science
Meritorious University
Autonomous of Puebla
Puebla, Mexico
aitzmo@hotmail.com
Abstract— Experimental results on the influence of the
annealing time on the photoluminescence (PL) emission of silica
array is presented. Bilayers of titania and silica with a thickness
of 100 nm and 600 nm, respectively were uniformly deposited on
crystalline silicon (c-Si) substrates, and exposed to annealing
process from 0 to 60 minutes in intervals of 10 minutes at 1100°C
in a nitrogen atmosphere. Our results showed that annealed
samples during 30 minutes present PL emission 110 times larger
than samples without annealing. Influence of the nanoparticles
array distribution on the PL intensity before and after the
annealing process is also presented.
Keywords— Silica, Titania, nanospheres, photoluminescence,
layers.
I. INTRODUCTION
Due to its high thermal stability, high chemical durability, low
thermal expansion coefficient and adjustable refractive index,
titania (TiO2) and silica (SiO2) based films have been widely
used for several optics applications [1]. Moreover, the
photoluminescence (PL) properties of titania and silica
nanoparticles (NPs) are employed for multiple research
projects and for a large number of optoelectronics and photonic
applications [2].
Some optoelectronic circuits are fabricated from materials
that do not emit light efficiently, which limits the integration of
light sources in the system [3]. To solve this inconvenient,
several techniques have been proposed to improve the
efficiency of the light source, including thermal annealing.
Photoluminescence (PL) and the mechanism of light emission
in thermally annealed thin films have been widely studied, for
example, in the silicon excess in silicon-rich oxide (SRO)
films and TiO2-SiO2 films. Performance of the dependence of
the PL peak energy and its intensity enhancement as a
function of the annealing time was studied in Refs [4] and [5].
The studied films exhibited a PL band in the 1.4-2.1 eV range
after to be exposed at 1100°C for 1, 3 and 5 hours [6]–[8]. The
temperature modifies the size and structure of the nanocrystals
(nCs); for low temperature (900°C) the nCs presented lower
crystallinity compared with samples annealed at higher
temperature (1000 and 1100°C) [2]. Increasing the size of nCs
leads the PL emission at longer wavelengths (red shift). The
light emission is explained according to quantum confinement
model. Experimentally, it was found that the nCs average size
is not increased when the films were exposed to prolonged
thermal annealing.
In semiconductors nanoscience, the ability to control the
size and shape (i.e. nanospheres, nanopillars and nanofibres) of
colloidal nanomaterials provide more flexibility and options for
the design of new materials to different applications [9].
Several structures have been studied after a high temperature
annealing; generally, they shown a structural transformation
and an increase on the photoluminescence. Our interest is on
spherical nanostructures, in particular silica and titania
nanospheres. The individual characterization of these NPs are
reported in previous works [10], [11]. For instance, the PL
emission of silica NPs with Ce and Tb core exposed to a
thermal annealing present a dependence with the particle size;
after to be annealed at 700°C for 3 hours the NPs with diameter
of 600 nm and 1200 nm show a PL intensity of 15000 a.u. and
45000 a.u., respectively [8]. However, there are few studies
into luminescence of titania nanoparticles after an annealing