1569 A R T Í C U L O D E I N V E S T I G A C I Ó N Correspondencia a: Dra. Andrea Huneeus. Manquehue 1410 piso 14, Vitacura, Santiago de Chile. Fono-Fax: 562- 2101210. E mail: ahuneeus@alemana.cl Rev Méd Chile 2009; 137: 1569-1574 Prevalencia de Chlamydia trachomatis y Neisseria gonorrhoeae en adolescentes chilenas Andrea H uneeus 1 , María Gabriela Pumarino 2 , Andrea Schilling 1 , Paz Robledo 3 , M agdalena Bofil 4 . Rates of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Chilean adolescents Background: Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are common sexually transmitted diseases among young women and little has been done to study them in Chilean adolescents. Aim: To determine the rates of C trachomatis and N gonorrhoeae in Chilean young women. Material and methods: Urine samples were obtained from 203 sexually active females under 25 year-old, who attended hospitals from either high or low income areas in Chile’s capital, Santiago. C trachomatis and N gonorrhoeae were detected by nucleic acid amplification testing. Results: Seven percent of samples were positive for C trachomatis. All samples were negative for N gonorrhoeae. Among pregnant women, 19% of samples were positive for C trachomatis, while non pregnant women were positive on 5.5% (p =0.04). Systematic use of barrier contraception was referred by 12% of women. All of the latter were free of C trachomatis. No association was observed between age, number of sexual partners, age of first sexual intercourse, presence of urogynecological symptoms, socioeconomic status and the rate of C trachomatis. Conclusions: Seven percent of this group of Chilean young women was infected with C trachomatis. The figure rises to 19% if pregnant. Surveillance and screening programs should be implemented to prevent sequels on this vulnerable population (Rev Méd Chile 2009; 137: 1569-74). ( Key words: Chlamidia trachomatis; Coitus; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Urine microbiology) Recibido el 23 de marzo, 2009. Aceptado el 27 de octubre, 2009. Financiamiento: Roche Diagnostics Chile entregó los kits del Test Amplicore. Laboratorio Saval entregó los tratamientos para los pacientes positivos. Estos laboratorios no tuvieron relación con el diseño del protocolo. No hubo otras fuentes de financiamiento. No hay conflicto de intereses. 1 Unidad de Atención Integral del Adolescente, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecolo- gía, Clínica Alemana, Santiago, Chile. 2 Unidad de Biología Molecular, Laboratorio Clínico, Clínica Alemana, Santiago, Chile. 3 Departamento de Pediatría y de 4 Ginecología y Obste- tricia, Hospital Padre Hurtado, Santiago, Chile. L a infección por Chlamydia trachomatis es la infección de transmisión sexual (ITS) de etiolo- gía bacteriana más frecuentemente reportada en adolescentes. Estudios poblacionales han mostra- do una prevalencia de 2,6% a 4,74% 1,2 . En estudios clínicos, las tasas comunicadas son aún más altas 5% a 15% 3-6 . La infección por Neisseria gonorrhoeae es la segunda ITS más frecuente sujeta a notificación en Estados Unidos de Norte- américa. Estudios poblacionales han mostrado una prevalencia de gonorrea de 0,08% a 0,42% 1,2 .