Potential and economic viability of green hydrogen
production by water electrolysis using wind energy
resources in South Africa
T.R. Ayodele
*
, J.L. Munda
Department of Electrical Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
article info
Article history:
Received 27 March 2019
Received in revised form
9 May 2019
Accepted 11 May 2019
Available online xxx
Keywords:
Hydrogen production
Wind energy
Water electrolysis
Economic analysis
South Africa
abstract
In recent times, more attention is given to renewable and clean energy sources that could
ameliorate the current shortage of electricity plaguing South Africa. Due to the comparable
use of hydrogen to fossil fuel in the transportation, industrial and electricity sector,
hydrogen could be a potential solution to the current energy crises especially when pro-
duced from a clean and sustainable source. One of the most appropriate methods of green
hydrogen production is the use of wind energy via water electrolysis. This paper therefore
investigates the capability and viability of hydrogen production from the wind energy re-
sources of South Africa using the actual wind speed obtained at 60 m anemometer height.
Sensitivity analyses are also conducted to gain insight into the possible influences of wind
turbine operating parameters on the cost of hydrogen production. Wind regime of fifteen
(15) different sites across five (5) major provinces are analysed for possible wind-hydrogen
production using eleven (11) different off-the-shelf wind turbines ranging from small to
large categories. Some of the key results revealed that the mean wind speed (V
m
) varies
from 5.07 m/s in Eston (S12) to 8.10 m/s in Napier (S5). Wind turbine WT
9
(ServionSE
MM100) with rated wind power of 2 MW, cut-in wind speed of 2 m/s, rated wind speed of
11 m/s, cut-out wind speed of 22 m/s and turbine hub-height of 100 m has the highest
capacity factor (Cf) across all the sites with the values that range from 24.04% in Eston (S12)
to 54.55% in Napier. Site S5 presents the best hydrogen production potential with annual
hydrogen production that ranges between 6.51 metric-tons with turbine WT
1
and 226.82
metric-tons of hydrogen with turbine WT
11
. Wind turbine WT
9
has the least cost of elec-
tricity generation ranging from 0.23$/kwh at site S5 to 0.42 $/kwh at site S13. Also, the cost
of hydrogen is lowest at site S5 and ranges between 39.55 $/kg using wind turbine WT
1
and
1.4 $/kg using wind turbine WT
11.
The sensitivity analysis conducted revealed that rated
wind speed has significant effect on the cost of hydrogen production compared to other
wind turbine parameters.
© 2019 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
* Corresponding author.
E-mail addresses: tayodele2001@yahoo.com (T.R. Ayodele), MundaJL@tut.ac.za (J.L. Munda).
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
ScienceDirect
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/he
international journal of hydrogen energy xxx (xxxx) xxx
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.05.077
0360-3199/© 2019 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Please cite this article as: Ayodele TR, Munda JL, Potential and economic viability of green hydrogen production by water electrolysis
using wind energy resources in South Africa, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.05.077