Citation: B˛ ak, A.; Nawrocka, E.;
Jaremen, D.E. “Sustainability” as a
Motive for Choosing Shared-Mobility
Services: The Case of Polish
Consumers of Uber Services.
Sustainability 2022, 14, 6352.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su14106352
Academic Editor: Aoife Ahern
Received: 26 April 2022
Accepted: 19 May 2022
Published: 23 May 2022
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sustainability
Article
“Sustainability” as a Motive for Choosing Shared-Mobility
Services: The Case of Polish Consumers of Uber Services
Andrzej B ˛ ak
1
, El ˙ zbieta Nawrocka
2
and Daria E. Jaremen
2,
*
1
Department of Econometrics and Computer Science, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business,
ul. Komandorska 118-120, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland; andrzej.bak@ue.wroc.pl
2
Department of Marketing and Tourism Management, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business,
ul. Komandorska 118-120, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland; elzbieta.nawrocka@ue.wroc.pl
* Correspondence: daria.jaremen@ue.wroc.pl; Tel.: +48-75-75-38-235
Abstract: (1) Background: Uber Technologies are currently changing the pattern of urban transport.
Statista reports that in the period 2017–2019 alone, the average monthly number of active Uber
users worldwide increased by 126.5%, and the average monthly number of Uber trips grew by
115%. The purpose of this article is to identify the most important motives encouraging both
current and potential customers to use Uber “taxi” services. Particular attention was paid to the
factor of perceiving these services as a more sustainable way of meeting transport needs. Uber
creates its image specifically on the idea of sustainability. (2) Methods: The operationalization of
the sustainability concept was based on three dimensions: ecological, social and economic. The
CAWI (Computer-Assisted Web Interview) technique was used to collect the research data. The
representative research sample covered 1003 Poles. A logistic regression model was used to analyze
empirical data collected based on the survey. The data analysis used R program and the selected
packages for this program. (3) Results: Among the most important motives, sustainability is the most
frequently indicated. (4) Conclusions: The choices of Uber services are significantly influenced by the
reasons related to two sustainability pillars—one social and one economic. The factors significantly
influencing consumer decision-making processes related to the use of shared mobility services
belong to the following groups of motives: sustainable development, knowledge of information and
communication technologies (ICT), innovation, user convenience and savings. The findings from the
study can become the basis for organizations and local authorities to undertake appropriate marketing
activities to promote shared-mobility services (SMS) and support sustainable and environmentally
friendly development.
Keywords: shared-mobility services; sharing economy platforms; uber; transport; sustainability; motives
1. Introduction
Shared-mobility services (SMS) remain a part of a wider sharing economy (SE) phe-
nomenon developing in various spheres of the economy, i.e., finance, accommodation or
transport. Today transport systems have become multimodal and the evolution of shared
mobility has resulted in its many forms. It is about the shared use of a vehicle, motorcy-
cle, scooter, bicycle, or other travel mode that provides users with short-term access to a
transportation mode on an as-needed basis [1,2]. Accessing them is provided by the digital
platforms related to Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) [3]. The presented SMS is defined as a
type of the real-time car sharing based on location. The provision of these services is based
on using geographic information systems (GIS) and technologies of global positioning
systems (GPS) [4], combined with mobile technologies to organize shared rides arranged
between drivers and passengers. Digital SMS platforms allow individuals using their car
to transport others in return for a fee. In order to book a ride, customers use a smartphone
application where they can additionally track the location of the required vehicle. Payment
Sustainability 2022, 14, 6352. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14106352 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability