Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 33 (1) (2019) 233~240 www.springerlink.com/content/1738-494x(Print)/1976-3824(Online) DOI 10.1007/s12206-018-1223-4 A comparative study of the transient thermomechanical behavior of friction of the ceramic brake discs: Temperature field effect † Naamane Benhassine 1,* , Ammar Haiahem 1 and Benyebka Bou-Said 2 1 LMI, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Badji Mokhtar’s University Annaba, 23000 Sidi Amar, Algeria 2 LaMCoS, INSA de Lyon, F69621 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France (Manuscript Received April 27, 2018; Revised September 4, 2018; Accepted September 12, 2018) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract During braking, a heat flow is generated by friction and heated the brake components, the heating causes thermal expansion in the disc and the pads and these expansions alternate the contact. This paper proposes a transient thermomechanical simulation of friction by the finite element method of disc/pads of a sport cars brake using ABAQUS. In this comparative study, three different ceramic composite materials (A359/SiC p20, Al6061/SiC, C/C-SiC) are used for the disc which is in friction with organic (C/C) lining bonded to steel back plates of the brake pads. This will allow us to emphasize the importance of the distribution and the variation of the temperature on the contact pressure and the stress field and the braking torque. Keywords: Braking; Ceramic disc; Dry friction; Finite element method; Temperature; Composite ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Introduction During the braking, a hydraulic pressure is applied on pis- tons which, in turn, transmit it to the back plates on which are bonded the linings. These materials are in friction against the brake disk and thus, the mechanical energy of the vehicle is transformed into thermal energy at the friction parts of the brake [1]. A heat flux is generated at the friction surfaces [2] and it is shared between the disc and the linings [3] with some thermal resistance, this is due to the presence of a 3rd body film [4-6]. Experimental measuring and numerical predicting the field and temperature variation at the macroscopic level at the fric- tion surfaces of the disc and the linings is very important [7-9], since the temperature destabilizes the friction coefficient [10], deforms the friction surfaces and therefore influence on the contact pressure [11] and contributes significantly to wear and degradation of the brake components [12, 13]. To reduce the temperature during friction, ventilation fins were introduced by the manufacturers to the geometry of the metal brake discs [14]. This solution has favored convection cooling [15, 16], but for some cars that run at very high speeds, the manufacturers have opted for the new composite materials based of ceramic for their brake discs [17], because they are light and have a very good mechanical, thermal and tribological behavior even at high temperatures [18-20]. Each of these composite materials has different thermoelastic prop- erties. In this comparative study, we analyze the isotropic and ani- sotropic thermoelastic behavior in many friction cycles of three disc materials using finite element method (FEM) with Abaqus/CAE [21]. The first material is a C/C-SiC (Car- bon/Carbon-Silicon Carbide) composite [22] obtained by LSI process (Liquid Silicone Infiltration) [20], the second material SiC/A359 p20 is a MMC (Metal Matrix Composite) made of A359 aluminum reinforced with 20 % of SiC (Silicon Car- bide) [23] particles and the third SiC/6061Al material is also an Al6061-T6 aluminum MMC reinforced with SiC particles [16]. We preserve the constancy of the dynamic solicitations (Pressure, velocity, friction coefficient) during the many cy- cles of friction. Thus we will have only the temperature varia- tions and we can analyze its influence to the thermomechani- cal behavior of brake components. 2. Model description We use in this study the finite element method for reproduc- ing an automobile braking sequence [11] under severe dy- namic conditions [2]. For this, we have chosen a more modern design of a composite disc brake [19] used in sport cars, we will compare in this study different composite materials for the disc. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +213 776555059 E-mail address: b_naamane@yahoo.fr † Recommended by Editor Chongdu Cho © KSME & Springer 2019