ISSN: 2456-6659 International Journal of Advances in Medical Sciences (A Monthly Scientific Journal of Kiban Research Publications) www.kibanresearchpublications.com ©2016-2017 IJAMS. All Rights Reserved 1 RESEARCH ARTICLE Association of HbA2, HbF and HbS Values in Sickle Cell Disease Patients in Kano, Northwest Nigeria. Imoru Momodu 1* , Ibrahim Bashir 2 1 Department of Haematology, School of Medical Laboratory Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria. 2 Federal Medical Center, Katsina, Katisna State, Nigeria. *Corresponding Author: Imoru Momodu Abstract: Background Sickle cell disease accounts for over 60% of the world’s major haemoglobinopathies with an estimated 2-3% of Nigerians having HbSS. The aim of this study was to determine the association of hemoglobin levels of A2, F and S in sickle cell disease patients. Methodology A total of 140 sickle cell anaemia (SCA) patients, aged 1-33 years and 68, age- matched apparently healthy subjects offbeat and HbAS were recruited for the study between January, 2014 and February, 2016. Hemoglobin levels of S, A2 and F were determined by ion-exchange HPLC. Results: The mean values of HbS, HbA2 and HbF of 81.1±4.98%, 2.9 ± 0.81% and 7.2 ± 4.1% in steady state showed no statistically significant differences when compared to 81.88 ±4.0%, 2.47 ±0.9% and 7.25 ± 3.66% in vaso-occlusive crisis, respectively (P>0.05).HbF level was significantly higher in HbSS patients (7.2 ± 4.1%) than HbAS (1.9 ± 1.84%) and HbAA (0.56 ± 0.56%) subjects (P˂0.05). HbS and HbF levels showed significant and strong negative relationship (r=-0.87, P=0.000) while HbS and HbA2 levels showed significant and weak positive relationship(r= 0.27, P= 0.001) but HbA2 and HbF revealed significant and weak negative relationship (r= -0.31, P= 0.000). Conclusion: SCA patients in steady in state and vaso-occlusive crisis showed no significant differences with respect to HbS, HbA2 and HbF levels. HbF level is significantly higher in HbSS patients than HbAA and HbASsubjects. However, HbS and HbF levels showed significant and strong negative relationship in SCA. HbS and HbF levels are therefore recommended based on their strong relationship and their relevance in monitoring the progress of patients with sickle cell anemia. Keywords: Association, Hemoglobin’s, Values Sickle Cell Disease. Article Received: 04 Feb. 2017 Revised: 16 Feb. 2017 Accepted: 25 Feb. 2017 Introduction Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a chronic hemolytic disorder that is marked by tendency of hemoglobin molecules within the red cell to polymerize and deform the red cell into a sickle (or crescent) shape resulting in characteristic vaso-occlusive events and accelerated haemolysis [1]. SCD is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion either in the homozygous state or double heterozygous state. The homozygous state of inheritance is called sickle cell anemia (SCA) while other known SCD genotypes include HbSC disease, Sβ + thalassaemia, HbSD Punjab disease, among others [1]. The hemoglobin disorders such as sickle cell anaemia and thalassaemias contribute significantly to the global toll of birth defects and these disorders occur most frequently in tropical countries. The disorders have been associated with mortality and disability in many countries because of population migration [2].