47
Copyright ©2023 Faculty of Public Health Universitas Airlangga
Open access under a CC BY – SA license | Joinly Published by IAGIKMI & Universitas Airlangga
How to cite: Rahmawati, N. A., Kurniawati, E. M. ., Wibowo, A. ., Indriani, D. ., & Mustofa, V. F. Perspectives of Pregnant Women and Antenatal Service
Providers Regarding Gestational Weight Gain and Nutritional Needs: Systematic Review: Perspektif Ibu hamil dan Penyedia Layanan Antenatal terkait
Peningkatan Berat Badan Ibu dan Kebutuhan Gizi selama Kehamilan: Sistematik Review. Amerta Nutrition, 7(1SP), 47–58.
e-ISSN: 2580-1163 (Online)
p-ISSN: 2580-9776 (Print)
Rahmawati et al. | Amerta Nutrition Vol. 7 Issue 1SP (May 2023). 46-57
INTRODUCTION
Countries worldwide, including Indonesia, are
struggling to achieve Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs) 3, namely ensuring a healthy life and promoting
well-being for all people of all ages, including maternal
health
1
. Preventing complications that appear during
pregnancy is the main focus. Complications during
pregnancy can impact both people, namely the mother,
and child, in the long term. Pregnancy symptoms and
complications can range from mild discomfort and
bothersome to severe illness and can be life-threatening.
Complications found in pregnant women such as obesity,
preeclampsia, diabetes mellitus in pregnancy, stillbirth,
and cesarean delivery
2
.
Maternal weight gain during pregnancy has
been a topic discussed in previous studies. Institute of
Medicine (IOM) 2009 has launched recommendations for
weight gain during pregnancy, which are associated with
various short-term risks for the mother, such as the risk
of sectio caesarea and large and small birth weight for
gestational age
3
. The risk of baby death after birth and
within one year is higher if born to mothers who
experienced inadequate weight gain during pregnancy.
Failure to initiate early breastfeeding and preterm birth is
also associated with low gestational weight. Not only is
the lack of weight gain terrible, but excess weight gain is
also a risk for the mother. Mothers are faced with the
long-term consequences of metabolism
4
.
In addition to the short-term impact,
Perspectives of Pregnant Women and Antenatal Service Providers
Regarding Gestational Weight Gain and Nutritional Needs:
Systematic Review
Perspektif Ibu hamil dan Penyedia Layanan Antenatal terkait Peningkatan
Berat Badan Ibu dan Kebutuhan Gizi selama Kehamilan: Sistematik Review
Nur Anisah Rahmawati
1
*, Eighty Mardiyan Kurniawati
2
, Arief Wibowo
3
, Diah Indriani
3
, Vina Firmanty Mustofa
1
1
Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
2
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
3
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Population Studies, and Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas
Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
LITERATURE REVIEW
English Version
OPEN ACCESS
ARTICLE INFO
Received: 31-01-2023
Accepted: 06-04-2023
Published online: 12-05-2023
*Correspondent:
Nur Anisah Rahmawati
nur.anisah.rahmawati-
2021@fkm.unair.ac.id
DOI:
10.20473/amnt.v7i1SP.2023.46-
57
Available online at:
https://e-
journal.unair.ac.id/AMNT
Keywords:
Gestational weight gain,
Nutritional needs, Antenatal care,
Pregnant women, Provider
ABSTRACT
Background: Gestational weight gain that does not follow the standards can cause
long-term problems for maternal and fetal outcomes. Research has found that most
pregnant women cannot achieve gestational weight gain according to health
standards.
Objectives: This review explores the perspectives of pregnant women and antenatal
care providers regarding gestational weight gain and nutritional needs.
Methods: A systematic review follows the PRISMA guidelines. Several databases were
accessed, namely PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases, using a
combination of the following Medical Subject Heading terms and relevant keywords.
The inclusion criteria applied were studies written in English, evaluating the relevant
topics, providing full text, and the study was published starting in 2019-2023.
Results: A total of 12 articles were reviewed. Respondents were midwives, family
doctors, obstetricians, health trainers, administrative officers, and pregnant and
postpartum women. The nutritional status of pregnant women studied included
normal and obese pregnant women. Obstacles encountered in counseling are patient
attitudes, sociocultural issues (sensitive issues), accessibility of resources, and lack of
communication training with patients and across professions. Sociocultural, economic
status, and interpersonal factors such as social support influence patient beliefs,
attitudes, and experiences. Patients may remember their positive experiences in
health facilities, but there is also a fear of discrimination they face.
Conclusions: This study finds the need for training in counseling and cross-professional
communication techniques to health service providers regarding gestational weight
gain. Appropriate counseling increases patient comfort during pregnancy and
prevents adverse effects that arise during and after pregnancy.