International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 10(5) 2023, Pages: 60-71
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International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences
Journal homepage: http://www.science-gate.com/IJAAS.html
60
Does parental socialization affect financial literacy in Indonesia?
Raden Aswin Rahadi
1
, Gianina Nadya Putri
1
, Bagus Aditya Nugraha
1
, Taufik Faturohman
1
, Alfred Boediman
2
,
Kurnia Fajar Afgani
1
, Jumadil Saputra
3,
*
1
School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
2
The University of Chicago Booth School of Business, Chicago, USA
3
Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received 30 March 2022
Received in revised form
11 January 2023
Accepted 26 February 2023
The technological advancement of Industry 4.0 embarked on a trend of
digital payment in Indonesia to promote a cashless society. However, the
rapid advancement of financial digitalization in the world should be
prepared for the changes of a well-literate society. In Indonesia, a cashless
society has been intensively promoted. But the low level of literacy index
from its younger generation, this campaign has struggled. Among several
factors, this study seeks to investigate the effect of parental socialization on
improving financial literacy from this generation dominated by
undergraduate students in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. This study is
designed using qualitative and quantitative approaches. The qualitative data
was collected by interviewing as many as 10 parents. Also, the quantitative
data were gathered by distributing the online survey questionnaire to 204
public, and private undergraduate students aged 20-24 in Bandung using
Google form started January to May 2020. The data collection process was
chosen to solve some constraints during the pandemic of COVID-19. This
study has successfully produced a conceptual framework based on parents'
perspectives. Through a data analysis process using multiple linear
regression, this study found that money allowance and trust variables
significantly positively affect financial literacy among undergraduate
students in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. In conclusion, this study has
successfully investigated the effect of parental socialization on improving
financial literacy. The parents' decisions will determine their children's
proficiency in money management. Also, this study found a new model that
differs from the previously developed model in the United States. For the
Bandung context, these two factors are perceived as effective socialization
factors from the perspective of undergraduate students.
Keywords:
Financial literacy
Undergraduate students
Parental socialization
Financial socialization
© 2023 The Authors. Published by IASE. This is an open access article under the CC
BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
1. Introduction
*The technological advancement of Industry 4.0
embarked on a trend of mobile payment in Indonesia
to promote a Cashless Society (Ilham et al., 2019;
Rahadi et al., 2021; 2022). As reported by Indonesia
CNBC in “IPSOS Marketing Summit 2020: Indonesia,
the next cashless society” around 25 % of Indonesian
use digital payment already. They perceived it as a
pleasant experience. The respondents feel safer,
more comfortable, and more confident using digital
* Corresponding Author.
Email Address: jumadil.saputra@umt.edu.my (J. Saputra)
https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2023.05.008
Corresponding author's ORCID profile:
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2919-5756
2313-626X/© 2023 The Authors. Published by IASE.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
payment (Misshuari et al., 2021; Yosep et al., 2021).
On the other hand, the easiness and the variety of
financial products offered could cost irrational and
misguided decisions that lead to financial loss. To
prevent this situation, people need to be equipped
with some competencies in finance, which could be
mirrored by how their financial literacy level is
facing this Cashless Society era.
Financial literacy is the skill of examining new
and complicated financial instruments and making
rational judgments about the choice and extent of
using tools in their best long-term interest (Mandell
and Klein, 2007). Financial literacy is crucial for
financial decision-making (Lusardi et al., 2010) and
successful adult life (Shim et al., 2010a). People have
already confronted complicated financial decisions
from a young age, and financial mistakes can be
costly (Lusardi et al., 2010). Moreover, departing
from the importance of financial literacy expressed