World Applied Sciences Journal 32 (7): 1369-1380, 2014
ISSN 1818-4952
© IDOSI Publications, 2014
DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2014.32.07.543
Corresponding Author: Hamid Ullah, Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan.
1369
The Mediating Role of Multiple Banking Relationships
in Managerial Ownership and Firm Value
Hamid Ullah and Attaullah Shah
Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan
Abstract: The objective of this study is to investigate thoroughly the impacts of managerial share ownership
and number of banking relationship on the firm value specifically in the context of emerging markets. This study
mainly focused on the mediating role of the diffused banking relationship in managerial ownership and
performance of the firm. In order to test for the relationship, a panel data sample of one 150 non-financial firms
has randomly selected from the Karachi stock exchange KSE- All index. Correlations and 2SLS regression model
have been used resultantly for the analysis of data. The analysis suggested that the firm value has a significant
relationship with the diffuse number of banks in relationship. Moreover, the analysis also envisaged the
substitute effect of the managerial share ownership with the number of banks in relation. The firm with higher
concentrated managerial ownership has a positive relation with the number of banks in relation; but the highly
diffused banking relation has a negative impact on the firm value in case if managers have not provided proper
incentives. This study has been based on the panel data of 150 non-financial firms, so same study can be
conducted for the financial firms. Similarly, in order to investigate cross-sectional variation, more emerging
countries panel data can be analyzed subsequently. Sectorial analysis can be conducted, while including
dummy variable to incorporate sectorial variation across the different sectors. This study has implications for
firm managers and owners as well as regulators. If the firm compensation plan is not employee’s motivational
then multiple banking relationships can solve the agency problem through monitoring. Similarly, regulators can
make rules to minimize and mitigate the conflict of interests between managers and firm owners through the
mediating role of the banking industry. This is the first study up to the date which has studied this
interrelationship of the managerial ownership and firm value, while addressed the endogenous role of the
diffused bank system.
Key words: Corporate Governance Emerging Markets Multiple Banking Relationship Firm value
Managerial share ownership
INTRODUCTION Pakistan is emerging economy, where firms having
One paramount characteristic of emerging conflict between principal and agent that is directly
markets is under developed capital markets. affecting the firm value. Managers take such decisions,
Where firms mainly rely on the bank’s debt and it is which are not aligned with the shareholder’s interest and
consider as the only available source of external funds. prioritize their interests due to weak governance structure
Therefore, bank monitoring plays a vital role in the [5-6]. The bank-firm relation becomes one of the
emerging markets. A good numbers of studies significant areas of research in Pakistan, after the
documented the impacts of bank debts and bank publication of corporate governance code 2002 for
monitoring on the firm performance in the developed publicly listed companies’ by security exchange
economies [1-4]. However, the correlation of bank commission of Pakistan (SECP). Now the firms have
monitoring and its impact on the firm in emerging developed internal governance mechanism based on
economies has not been investigated and studied management stock option, management compensation
well. and employment of high-level debts or multiple banking
weak governance structure frequently lead to agency