_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3786 https://www.id-press.eu/mjms/index ID Design Press, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2019 Nov 30; 7(22):3786-3789. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.504 eISSN: 1857-9655 Herbal Medicine in Pharmaceutical and Clinical Sciences Cyclin D1, Caspase 9 and P53 Expressions in T47D Cell Lines after Treatment of Plectranthus amboinicus, (Lour.) Spreng. Leaves Ethanolic Extract Nanoparticles Poppy Anjelisa Zaitun Hasibuan 1, 2* , Sumaiyah Sumaiyah 3 1 Nanomedicine Center of Innovation, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia; 2 Departement of Pharmacology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia; 3 Departement of Technology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia Citation: Hasibuan PAZ, Sumaiyah S. Cyclin D1, Caspase 9 and P53 Expressions in T47D Cell Lines after Treatment of Plectranthus amboinicus, (Lour.) Spreng. Leaves Ethanolic Extract Nanoparticles. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Nov 30; 7(22):3786-3789. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.504 Keywords: Plectranthus ambonicus; Nanoparticle; Cyclin D1; Caspase-9; p53 *Correspondence: Poppy Anjelisa Zaitun Hasibuan. Nanomedicine Center of Innovation, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia; Departement of Pharmacology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia. E- mail: poppyanjelisa@usu.ac.id Received: 25-Sep-2019; Revised: 17-Oct-2019; Accepted: 18-Oct-2019; Online first: 14-Nov-2019 Copyright: © 2019 Poppy Anjelisa Zaitun Hasibuan, Sumaiyah Sumaiyah. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) Funding: This study was supported by Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia through “Hibah Talenta” Research Grant 2018 No. 233/UN5.2.3.1/PPM/KP- TALENTA USU/2018 Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist Abstract BACKGROUND: The application of nanotechnology is aimed to enhance the capability of the chemical compounds of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng. leaves activity. The contact area of the particle surface becomes larger in nano size, which can increase the amount of the isolated active substance. The nanoparticles of this extract exhibited the most effective impact in decreasing the cell number of T47D by induction of apoptosis and arresting the cell cycle. AIM: To evaluate the expressions of cyclin D1, caspase-9 and p53 in T47D cell lines treated by Plectranthus amboinicus, (Lour.) Spreng. Leaves Ethanolic Extract Nanoparticles (PAEEN). METHODS: The inhibition of cyclin D1 was done by flow cytometry assay. The expression of cyclin D1, caspase- 9 and p53 were observed by immunocytochemistry assay. RESULTS: Plectranthus amboinicus, (Lour.) Spreng. Leaves Ethanolic Extract Nanoparticles (PAEEN) on concentration IC50 (89.2 µg/mL) inhibited the expression of cyclin D1 around 5.59%. Further, the immunocytochemistry assay indicated that there was an inhibition of cyclin D1, upregulation of caspase-9 and restoration of p53, indicated by their expression. CONCLUSIONS: The Plectranthus amboinicus, (Lour.) Spreng. Leaves Ethanolic Extract Nanoparticles could be an effective anticancer by improving its downregulation on cyclinD1, upregulation caspase-9 and p53. Introduction Breast cancer is considered to be one of the common cancer-related cause of death among females. Treatment technologies such as surgery, radiation and chemotherapy are performed by administering anticancer drugs. Recommended therapy is the use of compounds from medicinal plant to reduce the rapid growth of cancer cells [1], [10], [12]. The cell cycle involves mainly four-step (G1, S, G2 and M), which lead to cell growth and cell division to produce two daughter cells. The response of growth factors in certain cell types is activated by a complex of CDK-cyclin D [2]. Genetic instability in cancer cell cause defect in the genes which are responsible for the checkpoints in the cell cycle. It has been documented that Plectranthus amboinicus, (Lour.) Spreng. extract could inhibit the breast cancer cell by induction of apoptosis and arresting the cell cycle. The previous study showed that both single and combination treatment of Plectranthus amboinicus, (Lour.) Spreng. Ethylacetate extract 8 μg/mL with doxorubicin 1 μg/mL caused apoptosis induction and increasing in cell accumulation at the G1 phase. Expression of cyclin D1 indicated that both single application and combination of Plectranthus amboinicus, (Lour.) Spreng. extract with doxorubicin could arrest the cell cycle of T47D cells [3].