International Journal of Technology 14(1) 90-99 (2023) Received April 2022 / Revised May 2022 / Accepted May 2022 International Journal of Technology http://ijtech.eng.ui.ac.id Application of a Polypyrrole Sensor Array Integrated into a Smart Electronic Tongue for the Discrimination of Milk Adulterated with Sucrose Alvaro Arrieta 1* , Isora Barrera 2 , Jorge Mendoza 3 1 Department of Biology and Chemistry, University of Sucre (Universidad de Sucre), Road 28 No. 5-267 Red Door neighborhood, Sincelejo, postal code 700001, Colombia 2 Mercedes Abrego Educational Institution, Diag. 6-119, Tv. 1 #6-1, Monteria, postal code 230004, Colombia 3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Córdoba, Montería, postal code 230002, Colombia Abstract. This work presents the use of a smart electronic tongue for discriminating adulterated milk samples with various concentrations of sucrose. The smart electronic tongue was integrated by a voltammetric sensor array from polypyrrole doped with various doping agents, a portable multi-potentiostat controlled by a smartphone with an Android application. Sucrose concentrations ranging from 1% to 20% were used to adulterate the tested samples. The sensor array was optimized to perform measurements on milk while maintaining good performance in terms of stability and signal quality. The sensor array was prepared by chronoamperometric electropolymerization of pyrrole with different doping agents, varying polymerization time (from 50 to 300 s), and concentration of monomer (from 0.10 to 0.40 M) and doping agent (from 0.05 to 0.30 M). The optimization process results demonstrated that the parameters polymerization time, monomer concentration, and doping agent concentration affect the stability of the signals in the sensors, allowing for the establishment of adequate conditions to guarantee maximum stability through an experimental design. Thus, values of 0.10 M for monomer concentration, 0.05 to 0.10 M for doping agent concentration, and 50 to 70 s for polymerization time were established. The measurements taken with the smart electronic tongue on the milk samples allowed a principal component analysis to classify the samples in the plane of the first two principal components. Principal components 1 and 2 registered a variance of 93.39% (78.68% and 14.71%, respectively), indicating a high degree of information registered by the sensor array. It could be concluded that the array of optimized polypyrrole sensors allows sufficient information to be recorded through measurements made with the smart electronic tongue to discriminate adulterated milk samples with different sucrose concentrations. Keywords: Adulteration; Milk; Polypyrrole; Smart electronic tongue; Sucrose 1. Introduction Milk is one of the most important natural foods for humans due to its high nutritional value. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) considers it a complete and irreplaceable food for humans due to its nutritional composition (Guetouache et al., 2014). Due to this, its consumption worldwide has increased significantly as it is considered a staple first need product in the daily diet, either as milk or any of its derivatives (Wang et al., 2020). Being a product of high consumption, it is necessary to monitor its quality and * Corresponding author’s email: alvaro.arrieta@unisucre.edu.co, Tel.: +57- 01-8000-945268 doi: 10.14716/ijtech.v14i1.5613