Production and characterization of MoSe
2
nanotubes by electron irradiation
D. H. Galván, R. Rangel
1
and E. Adem
2
Centro de Ciencias de la Materia Condensada-UNAM, Apartado Postal 2681, C. P.
22800, Ensenada, B. C., México.
1
Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Michoacana de S. N. H., Edificio"K",
Ciudad Universitaria, C. P. 58060, Morelia, Michoacán, México.
2
Instituto de Física-UNAM, Apartado Postal 20-364, 01000 México, D. F., México.
ABSTRACT
In this work, we report the production of MoSe
2
(molybdenum diselenide) nanotubes
formed by irradiating the samples with high doses of electron irradiation. The irradiation
was performed on a 2 MeV Van de Graaff accelerator at the following conditions:
voltage 1.3 MeV, current 5µA current, dose rate 25 kGy/min, and total dosage 1 MGy.
We observed well-defined nanotubes of several nm long and few nm wide, which
suppose to be hollow and capped at one end. As the level of irradiation was increased to 1
MGy, elongated onion-like structures were observed.
INTRODUCTION
Carbon nanotubes were discovered by Iijima [1] in 1991, which prompted numerous
studies because of their superior mechanical property [2] and unique electronic behavior
[3]. For example nanotubes are expected to have a high strength-to-weight ratio [4] which
is advantageous in advanced composites to be used in high performance materials such as
aircraft frames. The small dimensions of the tubes shows promise for use as gas
adsorption medium [5,6], a field emitter for use in flat-panel display [7], nanoscale
electronic devices [8], and lately they have been used as microscope probes [9].
In 1992, Ugarte [10] reported that electron irradiation of carbon soot produced onion-like
structures. Ugarte obtained such structures under a high flux of electrons in a
transmission electron microscope (TEM).
The graphite structure is also showed by metal dichalcogenides, represented by MX
2
( M
= Mo, W, Nb, etc., whilst X = S, Se, Te, etc.). In our case MoSe
2
, which its layered
structure is depicted in Fig. 1. Still all the members of these family might present similar
behavior and possible formation of nanotubes and onion-like structures, only MoS
2
and
WS
2
compounds and few variation of them, have been extensively synthesized up to
now. Lately, Galván et el. reported nanotube formation on MoTe
2
[11], WSe
2
[12] and
NbSe
2
[13].
EXPERIMENTAL METHOD
In this work we report the formation of nanotube structures in MoSe
2
(molybdenum
selenide) also known as Drysdallite. The initial samples were obtained from commercial
Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. Vol. 706 © 2002 Materials Research Society
Z6.9.1