International Journal on Recent Technologies in Mechanical and Electrical Engineering (IJRMEE) ISSN: 2349-7947 Volume: 2 Issue: 7 028 - 032 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 28 IJRMEE | July 2015, Available @ http://www.ijrmee.org _______________________________________________________________________________________ Performance Analysis and Investigation of Emissions of C.I.Engine Using Biodiesel as Blending Agent S D Bhopale Department of Mechanical Engineering PG Student, SYCET Aurangabad santosh.bhople@gmail.com A V Kulkarni Department of Mechanical Engineering HOD, SYCET Aurangabad hod.mech@sycet.org Abstract- The industrialization of the world has led to a sharp rise for the demand of petroleum products. The fast depletion in the petroleum reserve and uncertainty in supply due to political and economical reasons are causing hike in petroleum prices. Environmental pollution due to burning of these fuels has stimulated the search for alternative fuels to petroleum fuels. High dependance on non-renewable sources presents a window of opportunity for looking at alternative fuels. Biodiesel can be cosidered as one of the potential renewable energy sources for diesel engines. Biodiesel can be used directly or in blended form of diesel. In the present review, reports about engine performances and emissions using biodiesel published by journals regarding the effect of biodiesel on engine power and emissions of a four strokes compression ignition engine are surveyed and analyzed in detail. An experimental investigation was made to evaluate the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine using different blends of methyl ester of cottonseed oil and neemseed oil with mineral diesel. Cottonseed and Neemseed methyl ester were blended with diesel in proportions of 10%, 20%, 30% and studied under various load conditions and compression ratio in a compression ignition (diesel) engine. The performance parameters were found to be very close to that of mineral diesel. The brake power, brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperature were studied. Similarly the emission characteristics were also studied and levels of carbon dioxide, NOx found to be more than diesel. Keywords-:Cottonseed oil, Neemseed oil, VCR engine,Compression Ratio __________________________________________________*****_________________________________________________ I. INTRODUCTION India depends mainly on imported fuels due to lack of fossil fuel reserves and it has a great impact on economy. India has to look for an alternative to sustain the growth rate. Bio-diesel is a promising alternative for our diesel needs. With vast vegetation and land availability, certainly bio-diesel is a viable source of fuel for Indian conditions. Recent studies and research have made it possible to extract bio-diesel at economical costs and quantities. The blend of biodiesel with fossil diesel has many benefits like reduction in emissions, increase in efficiency of engine, higher cetane rating, lower engine wear, low fuel consumption, reduction in oil consumption etc. It can be seen that the efficiency of the engine increases by the utilization of bio-diesel. This will have a great impact on Indian economy [1]. The concept of biofuel firstly came into the picture in 1885 when Dr. Rudolf Diesel built the first diesel compression ignition engine with full intention of running it on vegetative source and developed the first engine to run on peanut oil. There is an improvement in the engine performance when the modified vegetable oils are used instead of base vegetable oils. The neat oils can be converted into their respective Methyl esters (biodiesel) using transestrification process [2]. The energy consumption in India is the fourth biggest after China, USA and Russia. The total primary energy consumption from crude oil (29.45%), natural gas (7.7%), coal (54.5%), nuclear energy (1.26%), hydro electricity (5.0%), wind power, biomass electricity and solar power is 595 Mtoe in the year 2013. In the year 2013, India's net imports are nearly 144.3 million tons of crude oil, 16 Mtoe of LNG and 95 Mtoe coal totalling to 255.3 Mtoe of primary energy which is equal to 42.9% of total primary energy consumption. The rapidly increasing demand of crude oil coupled with increase in fuel demand has forced the countries to look for alternative to conventional fuels [8]. II. LITERATURE SURVEY S.Kirankumar [1] conducted experiment on the four stroke single cylinder water cooled diesel engine at constant speed (1500 rpm) with varying loads by using cotton seed oil blends of C10, C20 and C30 by varying the injection pressures from 165 bar to 210 bar. The performance characteristics were observed better with blends when compared to the pure diesel operation. Maximum brake thermal efficiency observed was 34.01% with 30% blend at an injection pressure of 195 bar and lower specific fuel consumption observed was 0.258 kg/kw-hr with 30% blend at an injection pressure of 195bar. K. Dilip Kumar et al. [2] carried out experimental investigations on C. I. engine with Bio Diesel blends of cotton seed Methyl Esters and Neem Oil Methyl Esters. Various Tests have been carried out to examine properties, performance of different blends (C05, C10, C15, and C20) of CSOME and NOME in comparison to diesel. C20 have closer performance to diesel and cotton seed methyl ester gives better performance compared to Neem methyl esters and also the emissions and smoke for these diesel blends were less as compare to the pure diesel. M. Harinarh Reddy et al. [3] investigated the performance of a diesel engine using diesel fuel and cottonseed oil (CSO) biodiesel in terms of brake thermal efficiency and indicated thermal efficiency for conventional diesel, cottonseed oil, as well as for Jatropha oil. The study reveals that the use of cottonseed oil biodiesel improves the