IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology 2022;8(1):31–35 Content available at: https://www.ipinnovative.com/open-access-journals IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology Journal homepage: https://www.ijmpo.com/ Original Research Article Clinical, etiological and hematological profile of pancytopenic childern admitted in balchikitsalaya of RNT medical college, Udaipur Rajasthan Lipika Maru 1 , Shivani Sharma 1, *, Mukesh Kumar Gurjar 1 , Suresh Goyal 1 , Bhupesh Jain 1 1 Dept. of Paediatrics, Ravindra Nath Tagore Medical College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India ARTICLE INFO Article history: Received 05-03-2022 Accepted 10-03-2022 Available online 29-03-2022 Keywords: Pancytopenia Vitamin B12 deficiency ALL Aplastic anemia ABSTRACT Introduction: To study the Clinical, Etiological and Hematological profile of Pancytopenic Children age group from 1 month to 18 years admitted in BalChikitsalay of MBGH, RNT Medical college, Udaipur. Material and Methods: A Hospital based prospective study on children age group from 1month to 18 years admitted having pancytopenia and consenting for study were enrolled in study. Children who had received blood transfusion in previous 3 months, not consenting for study and known case of acute leukemia, aplastic anemia were excluded from study. Study was conducted in Balchikitsalay, MBGH, RNT Medical college, Udaipur, Rajasthan for a period of 1 year. Result: 42 children were enrolled in this study among this 22 were male and 20 were female. Most of the children presented with pallor (100%) fever (88%), bleeding manifestations (78.5%), pain abdomen (35.7%). On examination all these were anemic (100%), had splenomegaly(64.2%) ,hepatomegaly(59.5%) and bleeding manifestation in the form of hematemesis(21.4%) ,petechiae(26.1%) ,bleeding gums(21.4%) . Hematological findings in majority of children were anemia 4 to 7mg/dl, WBC count 2000to 4000/mm 3 and Platelet count20,000 to 50,000/mm 3 . Peripheral Blood smear revealed blast cells in 11patients, megaloblasts in 8 patients and malarial parasite in 3 children. Serum Vitamin B12 levels were <200 pg/ml in 20 children and <100 pg/ml in12 children. Bone marrow examination was performed in 36 children which revealed hypercellular marrow (28),normocellular marrow (5), hypocellular marrow(3). Most common cause of pancytopenia was vitamin B12 deficiency (40.4%). Other common causes were ALL (21.4%), Aplastic anemia (7.1%), Scrub typhus (7.1%), falciparum malaria (7.1%), CLD (7.1%), AML two patient Dengue & SLE one patient each. Conclusion: Vitamin B 12 deficiency is the commonest cause of pancytopenia, followed by ALL (21.4%) & Aplastic anemia (7.1%). This is an Open Access (OA) journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. For reprints contact: reprint@ipinnovative.com 1. Introduction Pancytopenia is a hematological entity in which all blood cell lineages i.e. leukocytes, erythrocytes and platelets are reduced in blood. 1 Pancytopenia is defined as Hb less than 10 gm%, Leucocyte count <4000/mm and Platelet count less than 1lac/mm. 2 The causes of pancytopenia varies from * Corresponding author. E-mail address: shivi9611@gmail.com (S. Sharma). viral infections that causes a self limiting bone marrow suppression to hematological malignancies and storage disorders causes bone marrow replacements with malignant and storage cells. 3 Among children clinical manifestations of disease leading to bone marrow suppression include fever, pallor, mucocutaneous bleed, hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy. 4 Timely diagnosis on the basis of suspected clinical features required for early institution of therapy and avoidance of complications. 5 Many of https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmpo.2022.007 2581-4699/© 2022 Innovative Publication, All rights reserved. 31