Please cite this article in press as: M. Sangermano, et al., Improvement of the water-vapor barrier properties of an uv-cured epoxy
coating containing graphite oxide nanoplatelets, Prog. Org. Coat. (2016), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2016.10.032
ARTICLE IN PRESS
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Progress in Organic Coatings xxx (2016) xxx–xxx
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Progress in Organic Coatings
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/porgcoat
Improvement of the water-vapor barrier properties of an uv-cured
epoxy coating containing graphite oxide nanoplatelets
M. Sangermano
a,∗
, M. Periolatto
b
, V. Signore
a
, P. Russo Spena
b
a
Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, Italy
b
Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, Bolzano, Italy
a r t i c l e i n f o
Article history:
Received 15 April 2016
Received in revised form 28 June 2016
Accepted 21 October 2016
Available online xxx
Keywords:
Barrier properties
Water vapor diffusion
Epoxy resin
Cationic UV-curing
a b s t r a c t
In this paper we investigated the improvement of water-vapor barrier properties of an UV-cured epoxy
film containing graphite oxide nanoplatelets. Graphene platelets were successfully dispersed in the epoxy
resin and cured by UV-irradiation. Good performances in increasing water vapor barrier properties at a
very low filler loading are obtained: the permeability decreased of about 40% with a 0.5 wt.% of GOx and
of about 60% with a 1.0 wt.% of GOx. These good results are attributed to a homogeneous filler dispersion,
as clearly shown by TEM microscopy.
© 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction
Polymeric films are largely used in the packaging and coating
industry with the stringent requirement of high oxygen and water
vapor barrier properties. Because of their relatively high perme-
ability for gases or water vapor, pristine polymers are not suitable
materials for these purposes. Industrial applicants cope with this
problem by using laminated films, which consist of many compo-
nents such as functional polymers (mainly silanes or fluorinated
compounds) and aluminum foils [1]. Among the different strate-
gies suggested in the literature, the preparation of nanocomposite
materials is one of the most promising methods for improving gas
barrier properties [2,3].
Polymer/clay nanocomposites represent an effective strategy
to decrease gas permeability [4–6]. In particular, the presence of
the layered clay fillers can induce a significant decrease in both
oxygen and moisture permeability. A strong reduction in oxygen
permeability upon the incorporation of organoclay into PE was
reported by Osman et al. [7,8]. Avella et al. suggested that the intro-
duction of calcium carbonate nanoparticles drastically reduced
the permeability of oxygen and carbon dioxide for polypropylene
nanocomposites [9]. Similar results were also achieved by dispers-
ing clays in thermosets [10] and in vulcanized rubbers [11]. The
incorporation of fillers in platelet shape generates a structure able
∗
Corresponding author.
E-mail address: marco.sangermano@polito.it (M. Sangermano).
to hinder penetrant diffusion and thus decrease the permeability
of the material [12]. In this case, the tortuous diffusion path model
may be applied to the composite.
More recently, graphene and its derivative nanosheets have
been considered as potential fillers for gas barrier membranes
due to their diffusion hindering effect [13–18]. Therefore, lamel-
lar structure of graphene are an interesting alternative to the use
of organoclays fillers to enhance the gas barrier properties of poly-
meric matrices. In this context, Vitale et al. investigated the effect
on water vapor barrier properties of graphene nanoplatelets in an
UV-curable perfluoropolyether methacrylic oligomer. They found
an increase of the water vapor barrier properties of this polymer at
very low filler amounts [19].
The present study focuses on the improvement of the water
vapor barrier properties of an UV-cured cycloaliphatic epoxy
matrix containing graphene oxide nanoplatelets. The choice of the
filler is related to its lamellar morphology which could generate a
tortuous diffusion path able to hinder penetrant diffusion and thus
decrease the gas permeability of the material. In particular, the
tortuous path induced by the graphene sheets should act on the
kinetic of the water vapor diffusion through the polymeric films,
thereby improving its barrier behavior. Furthermore, the graphite
oxide shows a good compatibility with the epoxy resin due to the
presence of the polar functional groups on its surface.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2016.10.032
0300-9440/© 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.