(IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2015 1 | Page www.ijacsa.thesai.org Cluster-Based Context-Aware Routing Protocol for Mobile Environments Ahmed. A. A. Gad-ElRab Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University-Cairo,Egypt T. A. A. Alzohairy Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University-Cairo,Egypt Almohammady S. Alsharkawy Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University-Cairo,Egypt Abstract—Mobile environment has many issues due to mobility, energy limitations and status changing over time. Routing method is an important issue and has a significant impact in mobile networks, whereas selecting the optimum routing path will reduce the wasting in network resources, reduce network overhead and increase network reliability and lifetime. To decide which path will achieve the networks objectives, we need to construct a new routing algorithm that uses context attributes of a mobile device such as available bandwidth, residual energy, connection number and mobility value. In this paper, we propose a new mobile nodes ranking scheme based on the combination of two multi-criteria decision making approaches, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) in Fuzzy environments. The Fuzzy AHP is used to analyze the structure of the clusterhead selection problem and to determine weights of the criteria, while the Fuzzy TOPSIS method is used to obtain the final mobile node ranking value. By basing on node ranking, we propose a new cluster based routing algorithm select the optimal clusterheads and the best routing path. Our simulation results show that the proposed method increases the network accuracy and lifetime and reduces network overhead. Keywords—Clustering; Context; FMCDM; Mobile and Routing I. INTRODUCTION Many mobile systems utilize the mobile device context such as current location, residual energy, time and user's activity to obtain the best services to the mobile user. The key objective of these systems is to significantly simplify computing devices usage by realizing the changing in entities status and the surrounding environments. Context-aware systems use the contextual information to clarify the current situation and adapt mobile systems to be suitable for both user and device requirements. Exchanging data between mobile nodes in the network is one of the basic challenges in this environment. Utilizing a context in mobile devices is receiving considerable attention to meet these challenges. In context-aware systems, mobile applications can use the contextual information such as user's location, day time, nearby people and devices and user's activity in useful way to solve many mobile issues. One of the most important issues in mobile computing is how to evaluate mobile device. Evaluating mobile device using user information, device information and environmental information is very helpful in many mobile applications such as data management and routing data in mobile networks. So, we can rely on the rank values to use the highest performance mobile devices to send data to other nodes in the network. This method will keep most of mobile resources as energy and will increase network lifetime. Using the context in routing data through the network paths will achieve a high accuracy mobile network, and will reduce network overhead. Routing data using cluster methods allows fast connection, topology management, better routing, improves network lifetime, routing delay, bandwidth consumption, and throughput. The main objective of this research is to introduce a systematic evaluation model to help the actors in mobile computing for evaluating and selecting the optimal mobile node among a set of available alternatives (mobile nodes). Evaluating mobile node based on context is a multi-criteria decision making problem (DM), where many context attributes should be considered in the decision-making. DM processes involve a series of steps: identifying the problems, constructing the preferences, evaluating the alternatives and determining the best alternatives. DM is extremely intuitive when considering single criterion problems, since we only need to specify the alternative with the highest preference rating. However, when DM method evaluates alternatives with multiple criteria (context attributes), many problems will arise in the evaluation process such as criteria weights, preference dependence, and conflicts among criteria. These problems need to be overcome by more sophisticated methods. So, network clustering which is based on multi-criteria will achieve a high performance routing method in mobile environments. Fuzzy decision making is a method to solve the complex DM problems in a fuzzy environment. This method can deal with the problem of evaluation and selection. In the real world, linguistic variable is used by human beings to make decisions. Classical DM method works only with exact and ordinary data without qualitative data. This research will use the linguistic variable to express reasonably situation that difficult to define such as available bandwidth, residual energy and device mobility factor, and then select the best alternatives for data management in the mobile environment using a cluster based routing protocol. In this paper, we propose a new ranking scheme for mobile nodes that is based on the combination of two multi-criteria decision making approaches, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) in Fuzzy environments. The Fuzzy AHP is used to analyze the structure of the clusterhead selection problem and to determine weights of the criteria,