350
ISSN 0965-545X, Polymer Science, Series A, 2018, Vol. 60, No. 3, pp. 350–358. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2018.
Understanding the Miscibility and Morphology
of Poly(methyl methacrylate) and Styrenic Copolymer Blends
of Tunable Domain Sizes
1
Sharmila Muthukrishnan
a,
*, Akhilesh Tanwar
a
, Sharankumar G. Shetty
a
, Pradeep Singh
a
,
Yogesha Subbaiah
a
, Arun Sikder
a
, Radha Kamalakaran
a
, and Bander Al-Farhood
b
a
SABIC Technology Center (STC), Bangalore, Bengaluru, 562125 India
b
SABIC Technology Center (STC), Riyadh, 11551 Saudi Arabia
*e-mail: sharmila.muthukrishnan@sabic.com
Received July 7, 2017;
Revised Manuscript Received November 23, 2017
Abstract—In the present study, we have investigated the miscibility, morphology and mechanical behavior of
poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) blends with a series of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (SMA) copo-
lymers containing varying amounts of maleic anhydride (MA) content (from 8 to 26%). The experimental
findings have been substantiated by the modeling studies to gain fundamental understanding of the observed
phenomena with respect to the miscibility of the PMMA and SMA blends of a given MA content. The mor-
phological differences, molecular weights, domain sizes and mechanical behavior of the blends at a given
ratio of PMMA and copolymers have been investigated and a correlation has been made between the mor-
phological understanding to the molecular weights and mechanical properties. The results indicate that the
PMMA/SMA blends are miscible only at a certain MA content providing transparent PMMA/SMA blends
without affecting any of the enabling properties of PMMA that are of commercial interest through a facile
melt mixing process. The surface hardness and % recovery (nano-indentation) of these blends were evaluated
as well to gain fundamental understanding of the surface characteristics and mechanicals of the blends.
DOI: 10.1134/S0965545X18030136
INTRODUCTION
A large number of commercial “Polymer alloy”
products have been continuing to make inroads into
various industrial materials [1]. Most of them are
composed of immiscible polymer systems, where mul-
tiple phase separation is an essential feature of the
blend. The additive or synergistic impact of the poly-
mer blends drive many important features of the blend
systems. The final product characteristics depend on
good adhesion between the components, miscibil-
ity/compatibilization and adequate cross-linking
between various components [1].
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), an amor-
phous thermoplastic consisting mainly of methyl
methacrylate, has excellent transparency, ultraviolet
(UV) stability, high surface hardness and scratch resis-
tance. Therefore, PMMA applications are widely
diverse such as optical devices for liquid crystal dis-
plays (LCDs), lamps for cars, signs, lighting, architec-
tures and construction.
However, PMMA does not have good impact and
heat resistance properties which are the key customer
requirements for certain applications such as LED
automotive, street, medical lighting. In such cases, the
PMMA blends with other copolymers or additives are
being preferred [2, 3]. Many applications demand
improvement in either impact or heat resistance with-
out affecting any of the enabling properties of PMMA
which appears to be of greatest challenge especially in
the processing range of PMMA using melt process.
The phase behavior and compatibilization mecha-
nism of PMMA with other polymers of interest have
been studied at a greater depth [4].
Styrene/maleic anhydride copolymers (SMA) are
thermoplastics that are transparent in nature with high
heat resistance. The high heat properties of SMA can
be imparted to PMMA when added in the desired lev-
els in the miscible region without affecting any of the
enabling properties of PMMA. In our study, we have
investigated the miscibility, morphological behavior
and mechanical properties of PMMA blends with sty-
renic copolymers containing varying amounts of MA
content. The range of the miscibility of PMMA and
SMA blends are then validated through the modeling
studies.
1
The article is published in the original.
POLYMER
BLENDS