The "Sea" in Old Testament thought and in the Babylonian Epic of Creation "Enûma Elish" 1 This paper is an attempt to present the concept of the "Sea" as it is reflected in the thought of the Old Testament, but also in that of the Babylonian Epic of Creation, Enûma Elish. Particular emphasis it is given on the question of whether the above narratives constitute original material or are products of the interaction between the peoples of the ancient Near East, thus influencing to a great level the composition of the Old Testament (OT) texts. Before presenting the examined issue, it is worth noting that the positive perspective of the "sea" in the thought of the Old Testament will not be discussed in detail as this perspective contains more theological elements which are associated with the discussion of the interpretation of biblical texts. Thus, more attention will be paid to the negative perspective, which seems to be more interesting, from a research point of view, with various references to the biblical text showing the negative emotions which the sea creates to the people of Israel. 1) The Positive Perspective By making a brief reference to the positive view of the concept of the "sea" in the OT, it becomes clear that it is one of God's creations, as the first chapter of the book of Genesis notes (Gen. 1:6-10). Ιt is the foundation on which the earth is built (Ps 23:2) - an image that is also found in the cosmology of the ancient Near East (Ps 104:5), but it is also the one that, together with the other creations, glorifies God (Ps 68:35). 2) The Negative Perspective On the examination of the concept of the "sea" from the negative perspective, it becomes clear that most of the biblical passages refer to it, exposing its ugly side. According to the prophet Daniel (Dan. 7:2-3), the sea seems to symbolize chaos, while in the Psalms the water constitutes the mortal danger (Ps. 68, 3) because of their proximity to Sheol (ᾍδης, Hades), which is reflected in the Book of Jonah (Jonah 2:6 etc.), where the cosmic waters (ὕδατα) represent death or the approach to it, an *All biblical passages are taken from the Septuaginta (LXX) Version (in Greek). 1 Presentation at the 10th Panhellenic Conference of Archaeology Students «Πλέων ἐπί οἴνοπα πόντον: Η σχέση του ανθρώπου με τη θάλασσα στη διαχρονία της», Athens, 14 th -16 th October 2022, Amphitheatre of the Library of the School of Philosophy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens.