1 On the Derivation of Hebrew Forms with the UU+ut Suffix Shmuel Bolozky, University of Massachusetts/Amherst & Ora (Rodrigue) Schwarzwald, Bar Ilan University/Ramat Gan Hebrew Studies 33 (1992), pp 51-69 In a previous paper, Shmuel Bolozky (1986) showed how the canonical pattern CaCCan and Noun+an formation constitute different realizations of the same morpho-semantic noun-formation process. In general, verb-related forms are realized in CaCCan (kablan 'contractor,' related to kibel 'receive,' baxyan 'cry-baby,' related to baxa 'cry,' etc.), regardless of what the specific realization of a related verb stem might be, while nouns and adjectives have +an appended without the stem being restructured in the process (?alxutan 'wireless operator,' related to ?alxut 'wireless,' xalilan 'flutist,' related to xalil 'flute,' etc.). CaCCan constitutes what Semiticists refer to (e.g. Goshen-Gottstein 1964, McCarthy 1981, etc.) as a 'discontinuous' or 'nonconcatenative' word-formation pattern, while adding a suffix to an unaffected noun stem, i.e. N+an, is a manifestation of 'continuous' or 'linear' derivation. The N+an derivational strategy does not necessarily preclude any concomitant changes in the base. Thus, the alternations below, i (1) N+an Form Gloss Reduced Counterpart mizraxan orientalist mizrexan miSpatan jurist, jurisprudent miSpetan pinkasan bookkeeper pinkesan kalkalan economist kalkelan suggest that it is possible to have N+an with some degree of reduction. In fact, since in colloquial Hebrew the reduced alternants are commoner than their "full" counterparts, and in recognition of the naturalness of pre- stress reduction, the Hebrew language academy now considers them normative as well. Historical discussions ii of the ending +ut treat it together with +it , regarding both as a +(V)t feminine suffix originating from roots with y or w as the third radical: +it realized wih root-final y , and +ut with root-final w , as in k e sut 'cover,' d e mut 'image,' ' e nut 'suffering, poverty.' By analogy, +ut suffixes were also realized with root-final y : z e nut 'prostitution,' p e dut 'salvation,' r e 'ut 'following, chasing.' Later, two developments occurred: 1. Reanalysis of the forms, reagarding the whole of +ut as an independent suffix, resulting in its addition to words like melex (< /malk/) 'king' to yield malxut 'kingdom.' 2. Influence of Aramaic (and Akkadian), in which this suffix is common (e.g. malxuta 'kingdom'), e.g. Ezek 24:26 haSma'ut 'delivering message,' Dan 11:23 hitHabb e rut 'joining' -- which accounts for its occurrence primarily in the later books. Bauer and Leander (1965, p 505) claim that forms with a long, unreduced a such as galut 'exile,' Hazut 'sight, vision,' baxut 'weeping,' ramut 'pride,' barut 'purity, clarity' were derived from the Aramaic benoni . In general, it appears that most forms with +ut were formed between the medieval and modern periods -- about 93% of nouns ending with +ut in Even-Shoshan's dictionary -- including medieval uphazard creations as well as recent innovations and Academy-introduced ones. On the whole, they tend to belong to the non-colloquial register, which children learn late.