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Nuclear Engineering and Design 166 (1996) 69 83
Nuclear
Engineering
and Design
Effects of ductility on seismic response of piping systems and
their implication on design and qualification
Ayman M. Okeil, Chi C. Tung
Center .[br Nuclear Power Plant Structures, Equipment and Piping, Box 7908, North Carolina State Unit,ersity, Raleigh,
NC 27695-7908, USA
Received 10 August 1995
Abstract
This study is concerned with the inelastic seismic response of nuclear power plant piping systems. Two systems are
examined. The first one is an idealized four-equal-span pipe run and the second one consists of two configurations
modified from an existing pipe run. Detailed finite element seismic time history analyses are performed using the
AnSYS computer program. By varying the various geometrical and physical parameters, calculations are made for a
total of 76 cases. The results show that ductility generally contributes to reducing the response of piping systems. An
empirical relation between the support load reduction factor and support ductility demand is given and a chart and
simple procedures are suggested for the design and qualification of piping supports taking ductility into consideration.
I. Introduction
In addition to resisting operational loads, nu-
clear power plant piping systems must also
demonstrate structural integrity under earthquake
loads. Current design practice is based on linear
analysis where stresses due to design loads are
calculated and compared with allowable stresses.
Owing to this and many other overlapping con-
servatisms, piping systems at present tend to em-
ploy a large number of supports and are usually
rather rigid. These rigid and overly constrained
systems may experience high stresses under ther-
mal and other transient loads. It has been com-
monly held that if piping systems possess a certain
degree of ductility and if a moderate amount of
yielding is allowed, support loads due to earth-
quakes may be reduced and fewer supports are
needed (Mohammadi and Amin, 1987; Varadara-
jan et al., 1979).
Piping systems are regularly reviewed for new
or modified loads which are sometimes higher
than those for which the systems were originally
designed to resist. Any reduction in response due
to ductility will have a positive impact on the
design and qualification processes. For near-term
qualification, removal of conservatism inherent in
the methods of analysis and design may resolve
many of the problems. For long-term qualifica-
tion and sound design it is important to have a
thorough understanding of the inelastic behavior
of piping systems. Although much effort has been
spent in the last 20 years or so studying the
non-linear inelastic behavior of piping systems
under earthquake loads, the emphasis has been on
the development of appropriate methods for
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