International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | April-June 2014 | Vol 2 | Issue 2 Page 721
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Danayak P et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2014 May;2(2):721-727
www.msjonline.org pISSN 2320-6071 | eISSN 2320-6012
Research Article
Study of psycho-social impairment in patients presenting with age
related macular degeneration in a tertiary eye care hospital
Parul Danayak
1
*, Chinmay Jani
2
, Anita Verma
3
, Parth Shah
2
INTRODUCTION
The macular region is a specialized area of the central
retina with a diameter of 5.5 mm. It can be divided into
several regions: fovea, foveola, parafoveal area,
perifoveal region. Fovea is the central rod free area,
containing millions of cone cells that provide a sharp,
detailed central vision. The retina transmits signals to the
brain and an image is thus formed. Thus if macula is
damaged, image is formed but fine points are lost.
Age Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD) is a
common eye condition in old age people (50 years and
older). It is a medical condition which would result in the
loss of vision in the center of the visual field. Macular
degeneration gradually destroys the macula. Vision loss
makes face recognition, car driving, reading or
performing minute works difficult, leading to heavy
economical & financial loss as the person might lose his
source of earning.
ARMD affects approximately 10% of persons aged 65-75
years & 30% of those aged 75 & older
1
ARMD is a
progressive and irreversible disease.
It is divided into two main forms: dry ARMD and wet
ARMD.
Dry ARMD is characterized by aggregation of hyaline
material between Bruch’s membrane and retinal pigment
ABSTRACT
Background: Age Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD) is an eye condition affecting old age people causing
severe vision loss. This study was carried out to assess the psycho-social impairment in the ARMD patients and
compare it with the normal eye patients.
Methods: A Two study groups were made: 1. ARMD patients. 2. Control group patients. Patients of both the groups
were made to fill “The validated Gujarati version of: General Health Quality Questionnaire-28 (GHQ 28)”. Self-
scoring was done according to 0-1-2-3 lower to higher disability respectively.
Results: Prevalence GHQ Mean score of ARMD patients was 34.27 and that of normal eye patients was 24.66.
80.85% of ARMD patients and 26.73% of normal eye patients were psychosocially impaired.
Conclusion: ARMD patients are psychosocially more impaired as compared to control group patients (p value
<0.001, highly significant).
Keywords: ARMD (Age Related Macular Degeneration), Psycho-social impairment, GHQ-28 (General Health
Questionnaire)
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Shri C.H. Nagri Eye Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
2
3
rd
M.B.B.S., Smt N.H.L. Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
3
Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Smt N.H.L. Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Received: 27 March 2014
Accepted: 7 April 2014
*Correspondence:
Dr. Parul Danayak,
E-mail: paruldanayak@yahoo.co.in
© 2014 Danayak P et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction
in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: 10.5455/2320-6012.ijrms20140566