GLCP: Grid-LEACH Clustering Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks Amandeep Kaur 1 , Sonali Goyal 2 and Neera Batra 3 1, 3 Professor, Department of C.S.E, M.M Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India 133207 2 AssociateProfessor, Department of C.S.E, M.M Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India 133207 Abstract—Due to scarce battery power of Sensor Node(SNs) in Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN), number of energy efficient protocols has been proposed in literature. Clustering is energy efficient technique in which Sensor Nodes (SNs) are grouped into cluster and in every cluster, Cluster Head (CH) is responsible for transmitting aggregated data of its member SNs to Sink. In this paper we present Grid-LEACH protocol that implements LEACH protocol on grid-based network. Simulation results shows that Grid-LEACH protocol improve network lifetime in terms of overall energy consumption as compared to LEACH by reducing the number of transmitted packets to Base Station (BS).Main feature of Grid-LEACH protocol is that in case any grid left without CH then secondary CH is fixed for that grid. Index Terms— Clustering, LEACH, Wireless Sensor Network, Cluster Head. I. INTRODUCTION Due to advancement in wireless technologies, WSN is considered as new technology for monitoring surroundings. Major applications of WSN includes military surveillance, forest fire detection, Habitat Monitoring, Home Control and industrial automation etc. [1]WSN consists of large number of SNs equipped with sensors, processor and radio unit. One of the major challenges[2] of WSN is to effectively utilize battery power of SN. Many energies efficient clustering protocols[3] has been proposed in literature to improve battery utilization of SN. This paper surveys the proposed clustering protocols during last few years. Clustering is a process to divide SNs in clusters and every SN transmit its sense information to CH. Transmission is done by CH in order to reduce communication energy. Further CH sends aggregated data of its cluster to BS as shown in Figure 1. Section I gives introduction of WSN and clustering process.Section II describes literature survey of Clustering protocol. Proposed Grid-LEACH clustering protocol has been discussed in section III. Section IV gives simulation and results. Conclusion and possible future research are proposed in Section V II. LITERATURE SURVEY This section discusses clustering protocols of last few years. Grid-based clustering protocol using hierarchal routing protocol has been proposed in [5]. Authors in [6] proposed chain-based clustering protocols. CH is selected based on energy, distance and node density parameters. Data transmit to CH through normal nodes Grenze ID: 01.GIJET.9.1.753 © Grenze Scientific Society, 2023 Grenze International Journal of Engineering and Technology, Jan Issue