Journal of Material Science and Mechanical Engineering (JMSME)
Print ISSN: 2393-9095; Online ISSN: 2393-9109; Volume 2, Number 7; April-June, 2015 pp. 20-23
© Krishi Sanskriti Publications
http://www.krishisanskriti.org/jmsme.html
An Experimental Measurement of Ignition Delay for
Diesel Fuel Blends at Different Cylinder Pressures
Md Nazeem Khan
1
, Inayat Hussain
2
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Al-Falah University, Faridabad, Haryana, India
nazeem.gla@gmail.com
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Invertis University, Bareilly, (U.P), India
inayat.hussain786@gmail.com
*
corresponding author
Abstract: The key to efficient operation of a diesel engine is in the
controlled ignition and combustion of the fuel. The ignition delay,
can impact on power output, combustion efficiency, and engine
maintenance. Measurement of ignition delay is an important
aspect for the design of engines. An experimental study was done
for the measurement of ignition delay characteristics for pure
diesel oil and coconut oil-diesel fuel blends (50%:50%) at various
ambient pressures (cylinder pressures) at a given hot surface
temperature and injection pressure. An experimental set up
fabricated for this purpose based on optical method for
measurement of ignition delay. The ignition delay of fuel spray
was measured by recording the time delay between the event of
injection and the event of appearance of flame inside the
combustion chamber by using digital storage Scope-Meter.
Keywords: Digital Storage Scope-Meter, Fuel Blends, Hot Surface
Temperature, Ignition Delay,
1. INTRODUCTION
The study of possible alternative liquid fuels derived from
biomass is not a new topic. Although, during the last decade
ethanol and biodiesel became the best-known liquid bio fuels,
numerous studies examine different chemical structures as
possible bio fuels and record their pros and cons. [1]
The ignition delay time can be defined as the period between
the creation of a combustible mixture, as by injection of fuel
into an oxidizing environment, and sustain and onset of the
rapid reaction phase leading to the rise of temperature and
pressure. The ignition delay times can also be indicated by
either a fixed temperature increase or an evolution of certain
species.
Masjuki et al (2001) performed dynamometer tests to evaluate
the performance, emission and ignition delay characteristics
of an indirect-diesel engine fuelled by blends of coconut oil
and diesel fuel. Results showed that 10–30% coconut oil
blends produced a slightly higher performance in terms
of brake power than that of diesel. All the coconut oil blends
produced lower exhaust emissions including polycyclic
aromatic HC and particulate matter. [2]
Auto- ignition is the spontaneous combustion of a mixture of
fuel and oxidizer in the absence of any ignition source. The
ignition occurs after some period of mixing between the fuel
and oxidizer occurs. It is the initiation of overall chemical
reaction.
Geyeret et al (1984) conducted trials on a certified diesel fuel,
cottonseed oil, sunflower seed oil, methyl ester of cotton seed
oil, and methyl ester of sunflower seed oil. They compared the
engine performance and emission characteristics and reported
slight improvements in thermal efficiency and higher exhaust
gas temperatures when operating on vegetable oils; equal or
higher gas-phase emissions with vegetable oils; and
significantly higher aldehyde emissions, including an
increased percentage of formaldehyde. [3]
Wang et al (2006) evaluated the performance and gaseous
emission characteristics of a diesel engine when fuelled
with vegetable oil and its blends of 25%, 50%, and 75% of
vegetable oil with ordinary diesel fuel separately. The engine
was operated at a fixed speed of 1500 rpm, but at different
loads .They reported that the basic engine performance, power
output and fuel consumption are comparable to diesel when
fuelled with vegetable oil and its blends. The emission of NOx
from vegetable oil and its blends were lower than that of pure
diesel fuel. [4]
1.1 Necessity to Reduce Ignition Delay:
Too short an ignition delay period does not normally create
operational problems, but there is likely to be a loss of fuel
efficiency. An extended ignition delay however can lead to
poor running of the engine and, in the extreme, to damage of
engine components. This is because with long ignition delay a
relatively large amount of fuel droplets will have been injected