Dynamic Intraoperative Kinking of Flexometallic Tube
Ajay Kumar and H. H. Dash
Department of Neuroanesthesiology, A.I.I.M.S., New Delhi, India
Summary: A 22-year-old male patient had two episodes of oxygen desaturation with
concomitant increase in end-tidal carbon dioxide and airway pressure while undergoing
transoral odontoidectomy under fluoroscopy. Dynamic kinking of the flexometallic en-
dotracheal tube from compression by a Dingman retractor was responsible. Fluoroscopic
imaging was helpful in confirming the etiology of sudden alteration in the monitoring
parameters. Key Words: Operation, surgery: transoral odontoidectomy—
Complications: oxygen desaturation—Endotracheal tube: flexometallic (FM)—
Equipment: dingman retractor—Monitoring: pulse oximetry (SpO
2
)—End-tidal carbon
dioxide (ETCO
2
)—Airway pressure
The transoral transpalatopharyngeal approach with
palatal incision is used for excision of the odontoid (1), a
toothlike projection from the body of vertebra C-2, as a
corrective procedure to treat atlantoaxial dislocation (2). A
self-retaining Dingman mouth retractor (Medicon, Ger-
many) is positioned using the tongue blade for depressing
the tongue, and incorporating the flexometallic endotra-
cheal tube, which is secured to the middle of the chin and
angled away from the surgical field, to avoid kinking.
Flexometallic (FM) or armoured endotracheal tubes
have been recommended during intraoral surgery to avoid
kinking of the endotracheal tube and consequent hypox-
emia, hypercarbia, and their sequelae. However, there are
many reports of acute respiratory obstruction with flexo-
metallic tubes, mostly with those that have been resteril-
ized (3). Automatic cuff deflation occurs relatively fre-
quently (4). Other problems that can occur are, (1) it can
rotate on the stylet during insertion, (2) it is difficult to
insert through the nose, (3) it cannot be shortened because
of the spiral, (4) fixation is difficult, (5) there is a possi-
bility of blister formation, and (6) there is the possibility of
aneurysmal dilatation of the cuff (5,6).
This report describes a case in which there was severe
dynamic kinking of a flexometallic endotracheal tube be-
tween the teeth and the Dingman retractor, causing two
episodes of oxygen desaturation.
CASE REPORT
A 22-year-old man was admitted to our neurosurgery
ward. He complained of 4 years of neck pain, weakness in
his left leg, 2 years of difficult urination, and 1
1
/2 years of
pain and weakness in his upper left arm and right lower
leg. His past history included an assault on the neck with
a heavy club 10 years previously. He had undergone cer-
vical traction 1
1
/2 years previously for neck pain.
The patient was of average build, weighing 45 kg, and
was conscious, oriented, and cooperative. His cardiac and
respiratory system examination did not reveal any abnor-
mality. He was in cervical traction, and his mouth opening
was two fingers with Mallampati Grade IV. Neurologic
examination revealed power grade 4/5 in all limbs except
his right upper arm, which was normal. Plantar responses
were bilaterally extensor. He had hyperesthesia at C-2
level, and vibration sense was impaired in his left lower
leg. Cerebellar signs were negative. All routine investiga-
tions including electrocardiogram (ECG) and chest x-ray
were normal; however, magnetic resonance imaging
showed atlantoaxial dislocation with fused second and
Address correspondence and reprint requests to H. H. Dash, Depart-
ment of Neuroanesthesiology, A.I.I.M.S., New Delhi, 110 029, India.
Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology
Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 243–245
© 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc., Philadelphia
243