The International Journal of Accounting and Business Society 37
Vol.27, No.1 April 2019
©Centre for Indonesian Accounting and Management Research
Brawijaya University
ANALYZING THE MEANING OF CAPITAL FOR FARMERS
Fia Rahma, Iwan Triyuwono, and
Eko Ganis Sukoharsono
Economic and Business Faculty, University of Brawijaya
Abstract
The objective of this research is to find out the meaning of capital for
farmers, by using the logical reasoning analysis of bayani, burhani, and irfani
initiated by Mohammad Abed Al Jabiri (1991). The process of finding out the
meaning of capital by farmers is conducted by knowing and analyzing the
capital of the informants obtained through in-depth interview and
observation, using three types of logical reasoning which are bayani, burhani,
and irfani. Through bayani logical reasoning, the researchers got the symbol of
the meaning of capital conveyed by the informants and is examined by the text
approach. Moreover, through burhani logical reasoning, analysis, the
researchers explored the facts, conditions, and background of the informants'
lives. The final step of data analysis in this research was gained through the
irfani logical reasoning approach that was applied by the synchronization
process of all information obtained using the researchers’ clarity of conscience
to be able to draw a comprehensive conclusion. This research found the
meaning of capital for Smartani group farmers is combination material capital
and the determination to apply the science and experience in managing the
resources they own well, by maintaining relationship with colleagues and
community for the continuity of the farming business.
Keywords: capital, farmers, bayani, burhani, irfani
INTRODUCTION
Indonesia is known as an agricultural country, where agriculture plays a strategic role
in the process of economic development
1
(Johnston and Mellor, 1961). However, as time
goes on, the Indonesian agricultural sector seems to be marginalized, ostracized, and
considered less bona fide. This is proven in the lack of interest of the youth to preserve the
"culture" of farming which is full of values, customs, and national identity
2
.
The downfall of the agricultural sector was aggravated by the fact that the increase of
food production done by the Ministry of Agriculture, was inversely proportional to the
increase of poverty dominated by farmers, caused by several factors, from lack of capital and
small landlord (Amir et al., 2014). The researchers underline that the downfall of the
agricultural sector is caused by capital factors. Capital is part of an accounting symbol, which
is defined as the amount of money or goods used in a business. However, the meaning
1
The ministry of agriculture in the performance report Kementan 2015 stated that the agricultural sector was
the second largest contributor to GDP (13,49%)
2
The ministry of agriculture on its performance's report in 2015 stated, the employment in the agricultural
sector within the last five years has been reduced as much as 10,08%