Muhammad Ali of Egypt and Sudan – Teaching Materials About the Egyptian History Wadim Procel & Piotr Jednaszewski St Mary`s Academy Ltd. Abstract The case of Egypt is particularly interesting as it encompasses historical dimensions, reforms, political scene, and modern education (Elmesky et al, 2017, p. 60). When we look at the monarchy of Muhammad Ali, he started the dynasty of Khedives who lasted for 150 years, influencing the Egyptian political scene and educational system. Muhammad Ali Pasha knew that the only way to build well-functioning economy and industry, was possible through having qualified and educated administration. He developed the health care and education systems in Egypt thanks to the Egyptian specialists and experts invited from Europe and he also sent talented students to study in Europe. Pasha`s aim was to develop education in order to grow the number of qualified labor and industrialize the country (Hafez, 2019, p. 19). Despite his efforts to develop the national industry and agriculture, his plans were not as successful as he had envisaged. Undoubtedly, Muhammad Ali Pasha reformed the state, broadened the Egypt`s autonomy from the Ottoman Empire and invested in the development of agriculture. Key words: Muhammad Ali Pasha, Khedives, Nizam-i Cedid, Wali of Egypt Introduction: Teaching about the history of Egypt and the role of Muhammad Ali of Egypt and Sudan Modern history is more complicated than presented on the news. However, the news play a crucial role in today socio-political world. As Ali Darwish says: In the Arab world today, Aljazeera is carrying this all- pervading influence of news language to millions of viewers and accelerating the standardization process of the Arabic language at a rate unprecedented in the modern history of the region (Darwish, 2010, p. 75). This means that the news influence not only the language we communicate but also our perception of reality as many authors present in their research, for instance: Norris, 1997 & Cook, 1998 & Wolfsfeld, 1997. However, the contemporary politics and history of nations is shaped through the centuries of socio-political and historical changes. The educational system of a country is also shaped by its history. There are many examples like in Tzar Russia or Ottoman Empire, where educational system was one of the factors engaged in the process of strengthening the power of a ruler (Horner et al, 2007, p. 646). Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin supported comprehensive curricular change in the United States (Bevis, 2019, p. 61). Every national educational system is based on complex historical policies and recent socio-political environment. The case of Egypt is particularly interesting as it encompasses historical dimensions, reforms, political scene, and modern education (Elmesky et al, 2017, p. 60). Education has always been one of the main pillars of the state and its political system. When we look at the monarchy of Muhammad Ali, he started the dynasty of Khedives who lasted for 150 years, influencing the Egyptian political scene and educational system. This article presents the life of Muhammad Ali of Egypt and Sudan, who aimed to reform the country and its educational system. However, this is debatable to what extent the changes implemented by Muhammad Ali were beneficial for the Egyptian society. Political Situation in the Ottoman Empire in XVIII and XIX Centuries The Ottoman Empire was in the period of stagnation and reform in the 18th century. This period is also called the Ancient Regime or Old Regime. In contrast, the New Regime of the Nizam-i Cedid and Tanzimat characterizes the 19th century. Nizam-i Cedid means in Arabic the New Order or New System and it represented the reforms introduced by the Ottoman Sultan Selim III (1761-1808) at the end of the 18 th century and the beginning of the 19th century. The aim of these reforms was to reach the military and political strength of the European Powers (Somel, 2010, p. 263). The Ottoman Sultan Selim III aimed to create the professional army and to introduce a series of administrative reforms. However, the New Order was from 1789 to 1807 and Sultan Selim III was