JJKC 1 (2) pp. 167–184 © Intellect Ltd 2009 167
Journal of Japanese and Korean Cinema Volume 1 Number 2 © 2009 Intellect Ltd
Article. English language. doi: 10.1386/jjkc.1.2.167/1
Keywords
Miike Takashi
Kim Ki-Duk
transnational cinemas
gender
postcolonialism
Asia Extreme
From The Black Society to The Isle:
Miike Takashi and Kim Ki-Duk at
the intersection of Asia Extreme
Steven Rawle York St John University
Abstract
Miike Takashi and Kim Ki-Duk are established figures at the forefront of the Asia
Extreme movement. Despite the superficial associations between the two film-
makers and the pan-Asian faux-genre of extreme cinema, there are a number of
connections that link Miike and Kim as artists beyond the violent or potentially
misogynist content of some of their films. While critical reactions to both film-
makers make a case for the location of both squarely in the realms of the Asian
Extreme mainstream, textual features see both subscribing to characteristics that
can be located within key South-East Asian concerns of national identity and gen-
der (despite Miike and Kim’s specific positioning within their respective national
characteristics). Paying close attention to the national positioning of both film-
makers, as well as to their transnational, western reception, this article argues
that, within the boundaries of separate and distinct national identities, Miike and
Kim both explore similar themes of fractured identity, cultural dislocation, gen-
der and the failures of language. Through close analysis of Miike’s Black Society
(kuroshakai) trilogy (1995, 1997, 1999) and Kim’s The Isle/Seom (2000)
and Bad Guy/Nabbeun namja (2001), the article explores the transnational
meaning and stylization that link these two significant film-makers beyond the
limits of the Asia Extreme discourse.
The current western fascination with Asian cinema is predicated upon the
positioning of films within a faux-generic discourse of homogeneity that
tends to diminish national difference. In recent years, Miike Takashi
(1960–) and Kim Ki-Duk (1960–) have found themselves, along with
Nakata Hideo and Park Chan-wook, at the forefront of this economically
constructed category of marketable movies. The Asia Extreme label
1
sug-
gests that the products of such film-makers display a predilection for excess
content, usually along the lines of violence, often sexual in nature, gore,
perverse sexuality, and narratives of nihilism and abjection. Nevertheless,
the collapse of national boundaries between films from different countries
tends to obscure specific national meaning in those texts. The Asia Extreme
discourses surrounding Miike and Kim, however, initially suggest that
these two film-makers are essentially the same, or more similar than they
appear on further investigation, in that they plough the depths of bad
taste, misogyny and the limits of representational content. Despite this
critically imposed structure of faux-generic meaning, Miike and Kim do
1. The Asia Extreme
label was a line
of films and DVDs
marketed by Tartan
films in the UK and
US from around
1999 to the collapse
of the company in
2008. For a short
time the brand
became defunct,
until Palisades Media
Asset Fund acquired
rights to Tartan’s
catalogue, resur-
recting the brand
in 2009 under the
banner of Palisades
Tartan in the US
and UK. Despite this
commercial history,