Case Report Open Access Facial Vein rombosis in Head & Neck Squamaous Cell Carcinoma with Review- A Rare Case Report 1 Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Department of Pathology, Dharamshila Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi 2 Professor & Head, Department of Pathology, Dharamshila Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi Garima Rawat 1 * and Hema Malini Aiyer 2 *Corresponding author Garima Rawat, M.D.S. Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Department of Pathology, Dharamshila Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi, Tel: +91-9873776634; Email: garima3103@gmail.com Received: April 12, 2022; Accepted: April 18, 2022; Published: April 25, 2022 Journal of Otolaryngology Research & Reports Volume 1(2): 1-4 Keywords: Case Report, Head and Neck, Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), Facial Vein, Thrombus. Introduction Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a commonly encountered entity in cancer patients. The association between venous thromboembolism and cancers is well established since historic times. It was first discussed in the 19 th century by Trousseau and Bouillaud [1, 2]. It has been estimated that patients with cancer have an approximately four to seven-fold increased risk of VTE compared to those without cancer. Many biological mechanisms have been proposed to explain the increased incidence of thrombosis in cancer patients. All these emphasize that the presence of malignant cells induces a prothrombotic switch of the host hemostatic system, and in turn, the blood clotting activation stimulates tumor growth and dissemination. Apart from these biologic factors, the treatments used for cancers also contribute in creating a hypercoagulable state in the body. In cancer patients, these thrombotic can range from venous or arterial thrombosis to systemic syndromes, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) with severe bleeding. Preventing these complications is clinically relevant because they considerably contribute to the morbidity and mortality of such patients [1-4]. Head and heck (H&N) cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and in India. It includes oral cavity cancer (lip, tongue, mucosa and gingivae), pharyngeal cancer (oropharynx, nasopharynx, hypopharynx), laryngeal cancer and thyroid cancer. Oral cavity cancer is the most frequently involved location and more than 90% of H&N cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Despite these cancers accounting for considerable numbers, it is difficult to determine the risk of thrombosis due to lack of sufficient evidence in literature. Instead, according to the available literature, it seems that thrombosis risk in head and neck cancer patients is almost negligible [1, 5 & 6]. We discuss a case of a 68 year old male with carcinoma left buccal mucosa, along with review of literature of occurrence of venous thromboembolism in head and neck cancer patients. In the past literature, very few incidents of venous thromboembolisms have been reported the head and neck region particularly in patients diagnosed with Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Case Report A sixty eight year old male presented to the outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in a metro city with the complaint of a non-healing ulcer on left cheek since last 3-4 months. The patient was a resident of a nearby village where he had consulted a private practioner. The patient informed that he first experienced burning J Otolaryngol Res & Rep, 2022 ABSTRACT Introduction: Tumor thrombosis of the head and neck region is a rare occurrence and the majority cases that have been reported are of differentiated thyroid cancers. Presentation of Case: We discuss a case of a male patient who reported with the complaint of non-healing ulcer on leſt buccal mucosa which was histopathologically diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). e PET-scan done as a part of initial work up investigations revealed a massive thrombus in the leſt facial vein. No direct vascular invasion of the tumor into the leſt facial vein was observed. e patient was aggressively treated with surgery followed by adjuvant chemo-radiation. e patient is disease free since last two years. Conclusion: Facial vein tumor thrombosis originated from SCC apparently reflects extremely aggressive state of the tumor. Recognition and precaution to this condition is essential for the development of a clinically effective treatment strategy. According to an elaborate literature search, this is first such case to be reported of its kind. ISSN: 2755-9858