RESEARCH ARTICLE
Dynamic response and low voltage ride-
through enhancement of brushless double-
fed induction generator using Salp swarm
optimization algorithm
Ahsanullah Memon
ID
1,2
*, Mohd Wazir Bin Mustafa
1
, Waqas Anjum
ID
1,3
, Ahsan Ahmed
4
,
Shafi Ullah
5
, Saleh Masoud Abdallah Altbawi
1
, Touqeer Ahmed Jumani
2
, Ilyas Khan
6
,
Nawaf N. Hamadneh
ID
7
1 School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM),
Skudai, Johor, Malaysia, 2 Department of Electrical Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and
Technology, SZAB Campus, Khairpur Mir’s, Sindh, Pakistan, 3 Department of Electronic Engineering, The
Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan, 4 Department of Information Technology, College of
Computer and Information Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia, 5 Department of
Computer Engineering, Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, BUITEMS, Quetta, Pakistan,
6 Department of Mathematics, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia,
7 Department of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Theoretical Studies, Saudi Electronic University,
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
* memon.ahsanullah@graduate.utm.my
Abstract
A brushless double-fed induction generator (BDFIG) has shown tremendous success in
wind turbines due to its robust brushless design, smooth operation, and variable speed
characteristics. However, the research regarding controlling of machine during low voltage
ride through (LVRT) need greater attention as it may cause total disconnection of machine.
In addition, the BDFIG based wind turbines must be capable of providing controlled amount
of reactive power to the grid as per modern grid code requirements. Also, a suitable dynamic
response of machine during both normal and fault conditions needs to be ensured. This
paper, as such, attempts to provide reactive power to the grid by analytically calculating the
decaying flux and developing a rotor side converter control scheme accordingly. Further-
more, the dynamic response and LVRT capability of the BDFIG is enhanced by using one of
the very intelligent optimization algorithms called the Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA). To
prove the efficacy of the proposed control scheme, its performance is compared with that of
the particle swan optimization (PSO) based controller in terms of limiting the fault current,
regulating active and reactive power, and maintaining the stable operation of the power sys-
tem under identical operating conditions. The simulation results show that the proposed
control scheme significantly improves the dynamic response and LVRT capability of the
developed BDFIG based wind energy conversion system; thus proves its essence and
efficacy.
PLOS ONE
PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265611 May 12, 2022 1 / 24
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OPEN ACCESS
Citation: Memon A, Wazir Bin Mustafa M, Anjum
W, Ahmed A, Ullah S, Altbawi SMA, et al. (2022)
Dynamic response and low voltage ride-through
enhancement of brushless double-fed induction
generator using Salp swarm optimization
algorithm. PLoS ONE 17(5): e0265611. https://doi.
org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265611
Editor: Wei Yao, Huazhong University of Science
and Technology, CHINA
Received: November 10, 2021
Accepted: March 5, 2022
Published: May 12, 2022
Peer Review History: PLOS recognizes the
benefits of transparency in the peer review
process; therefore, we enable the publication of
all of the content of peer review and author
responses alongside final, published articles. The
editorial history of this article is available here:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265611
Copyright: © 2022 Memon et al. This is an open
access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and
reproduction in any medium, provided the original
author and source are credited.
Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are
within the paper.