_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ *Corresponding author: E-mail: favouredchinawa@gmail.com; British Journal of Medicine & Medical Research 20(10): 1-7, 2017; Article no.BJMMR.30241 ISSN: 2231-0614, NLM ID: 101570965 SCIENCEDOMAIN international www.sciencedomain.org Is There a Causal Relationship between Myopia and Intraocular Pressure N. E. Chinawa 1* , A. O. Adio 2 and I. O. Chukwuka 2 1 Mercy Hospital Eye Center, Abak/Siloam Eye Foundation, Nigeria. 2 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author NEC designed the study and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Authors NEC and AOA wrote the protocol and managed the literature searches. Analyses of the study was performed by a statistitician. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30241 Editor(s): (1) Barbara Giambene, Eye Clinic, Department of Translational Surgery and Medicine, University of Firenze, Italy. Reviewers: (1) Thevi Thanigasalam, Melaka General Hospital, Melaka, Malaysia. (2) Alahmady Hamad Alsmman Hassan, Sohag University, Egypt. (3) Kagmeni Giles, University Teaching Hospital Yaounde (UTHY), Cameroon and University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon. (4) Salaam Abdul, University of Jo's, Nigeria. (5) Momen Mahmoud Hamdi, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sciencedomain.org/review-history/18562 Received 27 th October 2016 Accepted 14 th December 2016 Published 10 th April 2017 ABSTRACT Aims: To determine if there is causal association between myopia and intraocular pressure at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Nigeria. Study Design: A case control study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) between November, 2012 and May, 2013. Methodology: Eighty consecutive patients of myopes (group A) and emmetropes (group B) were sampled in two groups. Group A was subgrouped into low myopia (-3.0D<Spherical Equivalent (SE) -0.5D), moderate myopia (-3.0D SE-< -6.0D) and high myopia (SE ≥ -6). Intraocular pressures were taken between 9am -12 mid-day by Perkins applanation tonometer (MK2 Model). Autorefraction was carried out with (Carl Zeiss meditec) while Axial length was measured with A scan ultrasound machine (Pascan 300A Digital biometric reader). Full examination of the fundus was carried out. Original Research Article