1070-3284/05/3102- © 2005 Pleiades Publishing, Inc. 0121
Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry, Vol. 31, No. 2, 2005, pp. 121–131. Translated from Koordinatsionnaya Khimiya, Vol. 31, No. 2, 2005, pp. 132–142.
Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Varshavskii, Cherkasova, Podkorytov, Korlyukov, Khrustalev, Nikol’skii.
Dirhodium(I) di(µ-carboxylato) tetracarbonyls
[Rh(µ-RCOO)(CO)
2
]
2
were obtained for the first time
by reacting rhodium(I) carbonyl chloride dimer [Rh(µ-
Cl)(CO)
2
]
2
with silver carboxylates [1]. The authors [1]
synthesized and characterized acetate, trifluoroacetate,
p-fluorobenzoate, and phthalate complexes of this type
and some bis(phosphine) derivatives, such as trans-
Rh(RCOO)(PPh
3
)
2
(CO). Later, some other methods
were developed for synthesizing [Rh(µ-RCOO)(CO)
2
]
2
complexes with R = CH
3
(II), CF
3
(III) [2–4] and their
monocarbonyl triphenylphosphine derivatives trans-
Rh(RCOO)(PPh
3
)
2
(CO) [2, 5–12]. The authors of [4]
reported the results of X-ray diffraction study of [Rh(µ-
CF
3
COO)(CO)
2
]
2
. The structure of trans-
Rh(CF
3
COO)(PPh
3
)
2
(CO) was previously determined
in [13].
Rhodium(I) formate complexes became available
considerably later. Thus, the carbonyl formate dimer
[Rh(µ-HCOO)(CO)
2
]
2
(I) was synthesized for the first
time via a reaction of dirhodium(II) tetraacetate with
carbon monoxide in formic acid [14]. Some other
methods of synthesis of this compound were reported
later on in [15, 16]. A series of bis(phosphine) com-
plexes trans-Rh(HCOO)(PR
3
)
2
(CO) was also synthe-
sized [17–19]. The molecular structure of trans-
Rh(HCOO)(PPh
3
)
2
(CO) (IV) was determined by X-ray
diffraction method [17]. It should be noted that in sub-
sequent years, rhodium(I) formate complexes with car-
bonyl and some other π-acceptor ligands (olefins, phos-
phines) were studied more intensively than other car-
boxylate derivatives. This is quite natural, since
formate group is a C
1
ligand with composite structure
and high reactivity.
It is noteworthy that though separate IR and NMR
parameters of Rh(I) carbonyl carboxylate complexes
were reported in some of the above-mentioned papers,
their comparison is difficult, since they were deter-
mined under different conditions.
In this work, simple reaction is suggested that can be
used to synthesize [Rh(µ-HCOO)(CO)
2
]
2
complex and
its crystal structure is determined. The latter complex is
shown to be suitable starting reagent in synthesis of
Rh(I) carbonyl hydride HRh(PPh
3
)
3
(CO). X-ray dif-
fraction data available in the literature for bis(triphenyl-
phosphine) complexes of the composition trans-
Rh(RCOO)(PPh
3
)
2
(CO) with R = H, CF
3
[13, 17] are
supplemented with the data we obtained for analogous
acetate complex. IR and NMR measurements of carbonyl
formate complexes [Rh(µ-HCOO)(CO)
2
]
2
and of
trans-Rh(HCOO)(PPh
3
)
2
(CO) together with their ace-
tate and trifluoroacetate analogs made it possible to
obtain for the first time a set of comparable spectral
parameters that indicates a transfer of electronic effects
of the ligands through a central atom. The results of this
work were partially reported in the previous publica-
tions [20–22].
Rh(I) Carbonyl Carboxylato Complexes: Spectral and Structural
Characteristics. Some Reactions of Coordinated Formate Group
Yu. S. Varshavskii*, T. G. Cherkasova*, I. S. Podkorytov**, A. A. Korlyukov***,
V. N. Khrustalev***, and A. B. Nikol’skii*
*Research Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University,
Universitetskii pr. 26, Petrodvorets, St. Petersburg, 198504 Russia
**Research Institute of Synthetic Rubber, Gapsal’skaya ul. 1, St. Petersburg, 198035 Russia
***Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences,
ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow, 119991 Russia
Received March 30, 2004
Abstract—Complexes [Rh(µ-RCOO)(CO)
2
]
2
, where R = H, CH
3
, CF
3
(I, II, III, respectively) are synthesized
by reacting anhydrous carboxylic acids with Rh(Acac)(CO)
2
crystals. In compounds I, II, III, and trans-
Rh(RCOO)(PPh
3
)
2
(CO), where R = H, CH
3
, CF
3
(IV, V, VI, respectively), ν(CO) and
1
J(CRh) increase and
δ
13
C decreases with the increasing electronegativity of R (CH
3
< H < CF
3
). In the case complexes IV, V, and
VI, the values of δ
31
P and
1
J(PRh) decrease in the same order. Complexes I and V are studied by X-ray diffrac-
tion analysis. Intramolecular (2.946 Å) and intermolecular (3.127 Å) Rh–Rh distances in a columnar structure
I are close, i.e., the structure contains infinite chains of metal atoms. Interaction of IV with chlorinated solvents
results in trans-RhCl(PPh
3
)
2
(CO). When heated with an excess of PPh
3
in propanol-2, compound IV transforms
to HRh(PPh
3
)
3
(CO). The latter reaction was suggested as a basis of a new method that can be used to obtain
HRh(PPh
3
)
3
(CO).