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Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(3): 241-246
E-ISSN: 2320-7078
P-ISSN: 2349-6800
JEZS 2017; 5(3): 241-246
© 2017 JEZS
Received: 06-03-2017
Accepted: 07-04-2017
Bithika Phukan
Jr. Scientist, Regional,
Agricultural Research Station,
Karimganj 788710, Assam, India
Sahidur Rahman
Professor, Department of
Entomology, Assam Agricultural
University, Jorhat 785013,
Assam, India
Kapil Kumar Bhuyan
Department of Tea Husbandry
and Technology, Assam
Agricultural University, Jorhat
785 013, Assam, India
Correspondence
Bithika Phukan
Jr. Scientist, Regional
Agricultural Research Station,
Karimganj 788710, Assam, India
Effects of botanicals and acaricides on management
of Tetranychus urticae (Koch) in tomato
Bithika Phukan, Sahidur Rahman and Kapil Kumar Bhuyan
Abstract
An investigation on “Effects of botanicals and acaricides on management of Tetranychus urticae (koch)
in Tomato” was carried out under polyhouse and experimental garden of Department of Entomology,
Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Jorhat during 2012 and 2013. Evaluation of acaricides viz.,
profenofos 50EC (250g a.i./ha) and spiromesifen 240 SL (80g a.i./ha) and botanicals viz., bionol (10ml/l),
pestoneem (3ml/l and 5ml/l) and eliminix (0.2%,0.3% and 0.4%) were found effective. Spiromesifen 240
SL gave the maximum reduction of 100% in the 7
th
day after first and second spraying during 2012 and
2013 and was at par with profenofos 50 EC (250g ai/ha) and eliminix (0.4%). However, eliminix (0.2%)
was found to be the less effective treatment which resulted only in 50.99 and 43.73 after 7
th
day of
treatment during 2012 and 2013 respectively. All the other treatments were at par in reduction of mites.
Economics of the treatment showed that Spiromesifen 240 SL gave the maximum benefit: cost ratio of
1.13 in 2012 and 1.62 in 2013 respectively.
Keywords: Tetranychus urticae, management, tomato
1. Introduction
Mites are the most diverse representatives of ancient lineage in phylum Arthropoda,
subphylum Chelicereta, class Arachnida and subclass Acari
[12]
. Their body plan is strikingly
different to that of other arthropods in not having a separate head, instead an anterior region,
the cephalothorax that combines the functions of sensing, feeding and locomotion
[12]
. Also a
pair of pincer like mouthparts are present called as chelicerae. A remarkable diversity in
acarine morphology is reflected in the variety of ecological and behavioural patterns that mites
have adopted
[4]
. Thus the mites can inhabit either in soil, litter, water or plants.
Tomato is an important vegetable crop in India and is considered to have originated in Peru
and South America
[3]
. It is known as protective food both for its nutritive value and wide
spread cultivation. It is one of the most important vegetable crops cultivated for its fleshy
fruits and is considered as important commercial and dietary vegetable crop
[3]
. As the tomato
is widely adaptable and versatile, it is grown throughout the world either in outdoors or
indoors. In India, total production of tomato is about 17,874’000 MT from an area of 884 ’000
ha and the largest producer state is Karnataka with a production of 1916.6 ’000 MT from an
area of 57.80’000ha
[3]
. In Assam, tomato is grown in an area of 17.29’ 000ha, production is
402.49’000 MT
[3]
.
The crop has great production potential but there are some limiting factors which are
responsible for its low productivity and arthropod pest is one of them
[2]
. Spider mites are
assuming the status of serious pest on many crops of which tomato suffers heavily due to
spider mite attack
[2]
. Under protected condition as well as field grown tomato, two spotted
spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, appears as serious pest causing remarkable damage to
the crop mostly at late flowering or fruiting stage
[1]
.
Tetranychids are important group of phytophagous mites attacking most of the plants
[12]
. The
two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch is responsible for significant yield losses in
many horticultural, ornamental and agricultural crops
[13]
. It is also a major concern in
vegetables causing heavy damage leading to 7-48% yield losses
[11]
.
Under outbreak conditions, as the chemical control is considered as the first line of defence, it
is imperative to evaluate different acaricides and botanicals which are ecosafe, economic and
very much effective at low application rate
[11]
. So, keeping in view the above facts, the present
investigation “Effects of botanicals and acaricides on management of Tetranychus urticae
(koch) in Tomato” was carried out.