nationalized communal authority structures” (p. 155). Lucero expertly draws parallels between the two organizations to interrogate questions of authenticity and representa- tion. Seemingly moving in reverse of the fortunes of indigenous presidential candidates in the two countries, the “unlikely” FEINE realized more political success in Ecuador than the more “likely” CONAMAQ in Bolivia. It is not always possible, Lucero notes, for activists to know which political strategies will be successful. As one example of competing arenas of representation, Lucero points to the Coun- cil for the Development of Ecuadorian Nationalities and Peoples (CODENPE), a gov- ernment development agency that worked in rural communities in Ecuador. CONAIE successfully argued that representation in CODENPE should be by indigenous nation- ality and people rather than by organization, thereby assuring its domination at a cost to competing voices such as FEINE and the Federation of Peasant, Indigenous, and Black Organizations (FENOCIN). Such a strategic construction resulted in an under- representation of the densely populated highland province of Chimborazo, which, not incidentally, has a high percentage of indigenous evangelicals and hence was a strong base of support for FEINE. The story of CODENPE illustrates that the politics of representation can have very material ramifications. Lucero concludes that in the 1990s CONAIE was able to capitalize on the discur- sive language of nationalities in order to advance its agenda, until it made the fateful decision to ally with 2000 coup leader and later presidential candidate Lucio Gutiérrez, which unraveled the organization’s apparent hegemonic representative voice. At the same time, in Bolivia, water wars in Cochabamba and gas wars in La Paz led to a collapse of neoliberal multiculturalism that opened up political spaces and allowed for the rise of Evo Morales. Lucero’s work is an important and thoughtful contribution to the study of contemporary indigenous mobilizations in the Andes, with broad theoretical contri- butions to important issues of representation, how voices are constructed, and whose interests they serve. marc becker, Truman State University doi 10.1215/00182168-2009-158 Indios y cristianos: Entre la guerra y la paz en las fronteras. By silvia ratto. Nudos de la historia argentina. Buenos Aires: Editorial Sudamericana, 2007. Illustration. Maps. Notes. Bibliography, 214 pp. Paper. This book is a compelling study of indigenous politics in the first half of the nineteenth century in Argentina. Author Silvia Ratto tries to argue against most accepted histori- cal interpretations of the political and ethnic relationships between Mapuche people and Argentineans in the frontier region of Buenos Aires. In general, historiography on colonial and early national ethnic relationships in Chile and Argentina is based on a dichotomy of war and peace. Some historians say Mapuches and creoles from both coun- tries were permanently engaged in war and violence. Other historians have said that war Book Reviews / National Period 357