Research Article Volume 8 • Issue 2 96 Evaluation of Hemostatic Compression on Radial Artery Occlusion After Trans Radial Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Atikur Rahman 1* , Tariq Ahmed Chowdhury 2 , A K S Zahid Mahmud Khan 3 , Fahdia Afroz 4 , Mohammad Faridul Hoque 5 , Mizanur Rahman Majumder 6 , Mahmudul Hasan Masum 7 , Ferdous Jahan 8 Affiliation: 1 Assistant Registrar, Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Hospital (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh. 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Hospital (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh. 3 Assistant Professor, Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Hospital (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh. 4 Associate Professor (C.C) & Resident Physician, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Hospital (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh. 5 Assistant Professor, Department of Cardiology, Colonel Maleque Medical College & Hospital, Manikganj, Bangladesh. 6 Registrar, Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Hospital (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh 7 Registrar, Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Hospital (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh. 8 Resident, Department of Neonatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. *Corresponding authors: Atikur Rahman, Assistant Registrar, Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Hospital (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Email: atik.cmc@gmail.com Citation: Atikur Rahman, Tariq Ahmed Chowdhury, A K S Zahid Mahmud Khan, Fahdia Afroz, Mohammad Faridul Hoque, Mizanur Rahman Majumder, Mahmudul Hasan Masum, Ferdous Jahan. Evaluation of Hemostatic Compression on Radial Artery Occlusion After Trans Radial Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine. 8 (2024): 96-101. Received: February 11, 2024 Accepted: February 20, 2024 Published: March 19, 2024 Abstract Background: Radial artery occlusion (RAO) is a significant concern in the trans-radial approach (TRA), limiting future use of the radial artery for procedures such as coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), invasive hemodynamic monitoring, and arterio-venous fistula creation for hemodialysis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients through the same vascular approach. This study aimed to evaluate the hemostatic compression on radial artery occlusion after trans-radial percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh from September 2018 to August 2019. A total of 140 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) through TRA were randomly enrolled and divided into two groups, with 70 cases in each. Group I underwent 2-hour hemostatic compression after trans-radial PCI, while Group II received 6-hour hemostatic compression after the procedure. For data analysis, SPSS version 23.0 was applied. Results: In this study, early radial artery occlusion was observed in 4.3% of patients in group I and 12.8% in group II (P=0.04). Similarly, late radial artery occlusion occurred in 2.8% of patients in group I and 11.4% in group II, with a statistically significant difference (P=0.04). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified predictors of radial artery occlusion, including a hemostatic compression time of 6 hours (P=0.01), post- procedural nitroglycerine use (P=0.03), and procedure time (P=0.03). Conclusion: A shorter duration of hemostatic compression is associated with a lower incidence of early and late radial artery occlusion after trans- radial intervention. Keywords: Radial artery occlusion; RAO; Trans-radial approach; Percutaneous coronary intervention; PCI; CKD Introduction Radial artery occlusion (RAO) is a significant complication following radial artery catheterization, often asymptomatic but with potentially serious consequences such as hand ischemia [1]. The incidence of RAO shortly after the procedure varies widely in the literature, ranging from 2% to 18% [2]. Assessment methods include the radial pulse method, Barbeau's test (Plethysmography evidence), and color Doppler study. In a study by Huang et al., immediate occlusion rates were 4.7% by the radial pulse method (absent