Information Systems International Conference (ISICO), 2 – 4 December 2013
Copyright © 2013 ISICO
Solving University Timetabling Problem Using Harmony
Search: a Case Study in STMIK Mikroskil
Harrison, Hardy, Ng Poi Wong
Harrison, Hardy, Ng Poi Wong
Department of Computer Science, STMIK Mikroskil
Keywords:
Harmony Search
University Timetabling
Machine Learning
Optimization
ABSTRACT
A University Timetabling Problem (UTP) belongs to NP-complete
(Nondeterministic Polynomial-Complete) problem category since it has huge
search space that consists of many students, classrooms, lectures, and courses
permutation. Due to that, finding an optimal schedule using exact algorithm
is impossible to be done under a reasonable time.
Harmony Search is a heuristic method that can solve NP-Complete problem
such as UTP in reasonable time. However because of its heuristic nature, it
can only provide solution which is close to the perfect solution. Therefore, to
prove that a schedule is a feasible solution, several constraints have to be
satisfied. This research used Harmony Search to solve the UTP whereby the
dataset, constraints, and experiments are acquired and performed in STMIK
Mikroskil.
This research also evaluates the speed performance and fitness value of
Harmony Search using different parameter configuration. From its finding,
the HMCR parameter value that is best suited for scheduling is in range of
0.7 to 0.95. The PAR value however, did not sufficiently contribute to the
speed and fitness value.
Copyright © 2013 Information Systems International Conference.
All rights reserved.
Corresponding Author:
Harrison,
Department of Computer Science,
STMIK Mikroskil,
Jalan Thamrin No. 140, Medan, Indonesia.
Email: conan_teleport@hotmail.com
1. INTRODUCTION
A University Timetabling Problem (UTP) is a placement of a set of courses in predefined time
period [1]. UTP consists of lecture and exam scheduling where both of them face common problem of
finding a schedule over a limited time period while avoiding conflicts and satisfying a number of side-
constraint [2]. UTP has long been known as NP-complete problem class [3]. NP-complete problem class
can’t be solved using exact algorithm since it has a huge search space whereby iterating each possible
solutions can’t be done under a reasonable time period. However, heuristic algorithms such as Genetic
Algorithm [4], Particle Swarm Optimization [5], Harmony Search (HS) [6] and many others can be used to
solve NP-complete problem. These heuristic algorithms can provide an optimal solution to UTP. HS is
chosen as the preferred method of this research due to its performance that is better than other heuristic
algorithms [6].
This research is perfomed in STMIK Mikroskil environment. All the data that are used as input to
HS are collected from STMIK Mikroskil. The resulting schedule also have to conform to the constraints that
are stated in the STMIK Mikroskil academic rules. The contribution from this research is majorly directed
toward the academic improvement of STMIK Mikroskil and the evaluation of speed performance and fitness
value of HS using different parameter configurations that are best suited for scheduling purpose.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
University Timetabling Problem has been investigated in several researches such as Al-Betar et al.
[7], Nguyen et al. [8], and Chen and Shih [9]. In Al-Betar et al. [7]’s work, HS is used with multi-pitch
adjusting rate. Nguyen et al [8] used a hybrid algorithm of HS and Bees [10] algorithm. Chen and Shih [9]