º CHAPTER NINE º Indigeneity in Tourism: Transnational Spaces, Pan-Indian Identity, and Cosmopolitanism Linda Scarangella ransnational studies originally focused on the experiences of migrants but have recently extended to include other groups of people and types of mobility, such as tourism (Roudometof, 2005, p. 113). Images of Nativeness 1 circulate globally in media and popular culture and are also constructed and performed at tourist sites internationally in response to the public’s desire to gaze upon and consume Nativeness (in addition to it being an economic opportunity). 2 Some Native people have actively engaged in this global economy of cultural production as performers at tourist sites. This chapter considers Forte’s question (this volume) of how indigeneity is produced, experienced, and expressed in transnational and translocal pathways through an investigation of Native performers’ experiences of identity at two tourist sites that re-present the American Wild West: Buffalo Bill Days (BBD) at a heritage site in Sheridan, Wyoming, and a recreation of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show (BBWW) at Euro Disney in France. The question remains open whether this engagement with transnational and translocal spaces leads to greater cosmopolitanism for the performers. In part, the question of cosmopolitanism is a difficult one because scholars do not agree on what or who is cosmopolitan. Cosmopolitanism has been vari- ously defined as a move toward a social ideal and global citizenship, or an atti- tude toward the world, and has been employed as an analytical concept (Skrbis, Kendall, & Woodward, 2004, p. 115). Another problem identified in the literature is the supposed opposition between indigeneity and cosmopol- itanism. Based on provisional definitions of cosmopolitanism, it is presumed that indigenous people are the Others linked to locality that cosmopolitans engage with, not cosmopolitan themselves. I do not attempt to resolve the T