Diagnosis of a sublingual epidermoid
cyst using contrast medium
radiography: a case report
R. BenolieI, J. Kau and D. Nitzan
Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
Received 7 June 1989 and in final form 21 September 1989
A case of a sublingual epidermoid cyst is presented. The of contrast
radiography in diagnosis, localization and surgical treatment planning are exemplified.
Keywords: Epidermal cyst; mouth floor; contrast media; diagnosis, oral
Case report
A 28-year-old Caucasian female was referred from the
ENT department for investigation of a painless,
growing swelling in the left submandibular area first
noticed about 5 years before. It had been symptomless
until one and a half months previously when pain and
discomfort had forced the patient to seek help. There
were no aggravating factors and the patient felt well.
On examination she was apyrexic with a large
swelling in the left submandibular area (Figure 1) which
on palpation, was freely mobile, not tender and firm.
No overlying skin changes were noted and there was no
regional lymphadenopathy. Intra-orally, there was no
sublingual swelling and saliva flowed freely from both
Wharton's ducts. A grossly carious mandibular left first
molar irrelevant to her symptoms, was extracted. An
initial' differential diagnosis was made of neoplastic
Figure 1 Profile of patient showing submandibular swelling
© 1990 IADMFR
0250--832 x 90/010037-m
or inflammatory salivary gland disease, ranula or
dermoid cyst.
Sialography was performed using an
medium (Pantopaque, Lafayette Pharmacal Division,
Alcan Labs. Inc., Puerto Rico, USA). The acinar
pattern appeared normal apart from a filling defect
anterosuperiorly (Figure 2, arrow). There was marked
dilatation of the main duct. The position of the gland
also seemed abnormal and an extraglandular space-
occupying lesion was suspected. A radiograph taken 90
minutes later showed retained contrast medium but the
dilatation of the main duct had disappeared. This was
thought to be due to overfilling ,?f the gl.and. the
point where the extraglandular lesion was impmgmg on
the duct causing a partial obstruction; as the gland
emptied: the pressure subsided and the dilatation
resolved.
In view of these sialographic findings, the possibility
of a dermoid cyst was reconsidered and aspiration of
the lesion through the floor of the mouth attempted.
Straw-coloured fluid (5 ml), suggestive of an epider-
moid cyst', was obtained and, through the same
Figure 2 Sialogram showing duct dilatation and filling defect
(arrowed)
Dentomaxillofac. Radiol., 1990, Vol. 19, February 37