~ 706 ~
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2018; 6(1): 706-709
E-ISSN: 2320-7078
P-ISSN: 2349-6800
JEZS 2018; 6(1): 706-709
© 2018 JEZS
Received: 06-11-2017
Accepted: 07-12-2017
Dr. Harshit Verma
Assistant Professor,
Department of Veterinary
Microbiology College of
Veterinary & Animal Sciences,
S.V.P. University of Agriculture
& Technology, Meerut,
Uttar Pradesh, India
Dr. Shriya Rawat
Assistant Professor
Department of Veterinary Public
Health & Epidemiology College
of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
S.V.P. University of Agriculture
& Technology, Meerut,
Uttar Pradesh, India
Nishant Sharma
Veterinary Officer,
Uttarakhand Govt, College of
Veterinary and Animal Sciences,
Sardar, Vallabhbhai Patel
University of Agriculture and
Technology, Modipurum,
Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
Dr. Vikas Jaiswal
Assistant Professor,
Department of Veterinary
Pathology, College of Veterinary
& Animal Sciences, S.V.P.
University of Agriculture &
Technology, Meerut,
Uttar Pradesh, India
Dr. Rajeev Singh
Associate Professor & Head,
Department of Veterinary
Microbiology, College of
Veterinary & Animal Sciences
S.V.P. University of Agriculture
& Technology, Meerut,
Uttar Pradesh, India
Correspondence
Dr. Harshit Verma
Assistant Professor,
Department of Veterinary
Microbiology, College of
Veterinary & Animal Sciences,
S.V.P. University of Agriculture
& Technology, Meerut,
Uttar Pradesh, India
Prevalence, bacterial etiology and antibiotic
susceptibility pattern of bovine mastitis in Meerut
Harshit Verma, Shriya Rawat, Nishant Sharma, Vikas Jaiswal and Rajeev
Singh
Abstract
Increasing antimicrobial resistance has become a big challenge worldwide. Mastitis is the most common
disease for antibiotic use in dairy herds and thus, antimicrobial resistance of mastitis pathogens has
received recent attention. The objective of the current study was to assess the status of bovine mastitis in
and around Meerut region, bacterial pathogen involved and to determine the susceptibility of different
antibiotics. A total of 85 milk samples were presented to Department of Veterinary Microbiology,
College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Meerut from April, 2016 to June, 2017 with a history of
swelling in udder, loss of milk, flakes formation in milk, RBC in milk and watery milk. The milk samples
were cultured on brain heart infusion agar, MacConkey’s agar, eosin methylene blue agar and sabrourad
dextrose agar. The isolated organisms through microbiological procedures were subjected to
antimicrobial susceptibility test by disc diffusion method to a twelve number of antibiotics. The major
prevalent pathogens isolated were Staphylococcus Spp. (42.55%), E. coli (21.28%), Streptococcus spp.
(6.38%), Proteus spp. (8.51%), Candida spp. (2.88%) and mixed infection (18.26%). The present results
revealed that gentamicin (65.96%) was the most effective antibiotic followed by enrofloxacin (63.83%),
cefotaxime+clavulanic acid (52.13%), amoxicillin+sulbactum (42.55%), ciprofloxacin (41.49%), colistin
(41.49%), chloramphenicol (39.36%) and ampicillin+sulbactum (38.29%). Least effective drugs were
oxytetracycline (22.34%), streptomycin (25.53%) whereas maximum resistance drug were found
amoxyclave (8.51%), and ampicillin/cloxacillin (8.51%).
Keywords: Mastitis, antibiotics, disk diffusion
Introduction
Acquired antimicrobial resistance in bacteria has been a growing concern worldwide
[1]
. The
era of overuse and misuse has lead to the evolution of resistant forms of previously harmless
bacteria. Mastitis is one of the most costly and important disease of dairy industry and
antimicrobials are important part of therapy
[2]
. Mastitis is a multi-etiological and complex
disease, which is defined as inflammation of parenchyma of mammary glands and represents
one of the most difficult veterinary diseases to control
[3]
. Mastitis adversely affects animal
health, quality of milk and the economics of milk production, affecting every country,
including developed ones and causes huge financial losses
[4]
. One important reason for
treatment failure is assumed to indiscriminate use of antibacterials without testing in-vitro
sensitivity of causal organisms
[5]
. Bovine mastitis is classified as: contagious mastitis,
generally caused by contagious bacteria presiding on the skin of the teat and inside the udder,
transmitted from one cow to another during milking (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus or
Streptococcus agalactiae) and environmental mastitis, caused by environmental pathogens
normally found in shed surroundings such as bedding, manure, soil, and feed (e.g., Escherichia
coli, Streptococcus uberis, Klebsiella sp.)
[6]
. It has been estimated that the mastitis alone can
cause approximately 70% of all avoidable losses incurred during milk production. In India,
annual economic loss to dairy industry due to subclinical mastitis and clinical mastitis is
estimated to be Rs. 7165.5 crores
[7]
. The occurrence of disease is an outcome of interplay
between three major factors: infectious agents, host resistance, and environmental factors
[8]
.
Multi-drug resistant bacteria are a persistent problem in modern health care, food safety and
animal health. There is a need for new antimicrobials to replace over used conventional
antibiotics
[9]
. Therefore, a bacteriological diagnosis, prevalence study in the herd and proper
selection of antibiotic based on antibiotic sensitivity are critical for rational and effective
control of mastitis.