Simarmata et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2022; 12(5-S):59-68 ISSN: 2250-1177 [59] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO Available online on 15.10.2022 at http://jddtonline.info Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics Open Access to Pharmaceutical and Medical Research Copyright © 2022 The Author(s): This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC 4.0 which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial use provided the original author and source are credited Open Access Full Text Article Research Article The Analysis of Ischemic Stroke and Hemorrhagic Stroke based on Sugar Level Vidi Posdo A. Simarmata*, Wiradi Suryanegara Medical Faculty, Univeristas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia Article Info: _______________________________________________ Article History: Received 11 August 2022 Reviewed 13 Sep 2022 Accepted 24 Sep 2022 Published 15 Oct 2022 _______________________________________________ Cite this article as: Simarmata VPA, Suryanegara W, The Analysis of Ischemic Stroke and Hemorrhagic Stroke based on Sugar Level, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2022; 12(5-S):59-68 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v12i5-s.5630 _______________________________________________ *Address for Correspondence: Vidi Posdo A. Simarmata, Medical Faculty, Univeristas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia Abstract ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and stroke is more severe in patients with hemorrhagic stroke than ischemic stroke. Nearly 2 out of 3 patients with acute stroke have a high blood glucose level as a physiological response to an acute disease. Poor clinical outputs are often found in acute stroke patients with hyperglycemia. This study aims to determine the differences in blood glucose levels in ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke patients in UKI General Hospital. It is descriptive observational research with the cross-sectional method. The sample is 132 patients, using total sampling with specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data used is secondary data. Data processing was performed using SPSS. The study revealed that from 108 ischemic stroke patients, 79 patients (73,1%) showed an increase in blood glucose level, and out of 24 hemorrhagic stroke patients, all the patients showed an increase in blood glucose level. The mean value of blood glucose level during ischemic stroke is 129,83mg/dL and in hemorrhagic stroke is 151,12mg/dL. The conclusion of this study, there is a significant difference (= 0,001) in blood glucose level, and the mean value of blood glucose level in hemorrhagic stroke is higher than in ischemic stroke. Keywords: Random Blood Glucose, Ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, UKI General Hospital INTRODUCTION According to WHO, stroke is a clinical sign that develops rapidly due to a focal or global disturbance of brain function, which lasts for 24 hours or more and causes death without causes other than vascular causes [1]. Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, with a mortality rate of about 5.5 million people [2]. Based on Basic Health Research (Riskesdas), the prevalence of stroke in Indonesia increases over time. In 2013, 7 out of 1000 people had a stroke, and in 2019, 10.9 out of 1000 people had a stroke [3]. The highest prevalence of stroke in Indonesia is in East Kalimantan, where it is found that 15 out of 1000 people suffer from stroke and the prevalence of stroke also increases with age, namely at the age of 75 years and over, 50 out of 1000 people suffer from stroke and the prevalence of stroke by gender is higher [3]. Experienced by men, namely, 11 out of 1000 people are male compared to women. Stroke is broadly divided into two categories: hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke [4]. Ischemic stroke occurs because of thrombosis and embolus in blood vessels, causing obstruction and will cause a decrease in blood flow to the brain. Hemorrhagic stroke occurs due to intracerebral hemorrhage or subarachnoid hemorrhage, where this bleeding will damage the brain at the site of bleeding by pressing the surrounding tissue [5; 6]. About 80% of stroke cases are ischemic strokes, and another 20% are hemorrhagic strokes. The risk factors for stroke are divided into two, namely non-modifiable risk factors and modifiable risk factors. Non-modifiable risk factors include age, gender, ethnicity, and genetics: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and smoking [7]. People with diabetes mellitus have a higher risk of stroke than those without diabetes mellitus [8]. Almost 2 (two) of 3 (three) patients with acute stroke experience an increase in blood sugar [9]. In acute stroke patients, hyperglycemia is often found, whereas patients with hyperglycemia mostly have a history of diabetes mellitus, but it can also be found in patients who are not diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. During the 12 hours after stroke, the hyperglycemic state will continue to increase and decrease over the next week or so [10]. Hyperglycemia occurs in almost 30-40% of cases in ischemic stroke patients and 43-59% in hemorrhagic stroke patients [11]. Hyperglycemia in stroke patients can occur due to poor control of diabetes mellitus, a physiological disease response at that time, or a combination of both [12]. Intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke usually has more severe disorders and even causes death. The severity of intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke reaches 40% at one month and 54% at one year, and only 12-39% of patients still have long-term functional independence [13]. In addition, disturbances and poor outcomes can also be found in acute