Transactions in GIS. 2022;00:1–17. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/tgis | 1 © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
DOI: 10.1111/tgis.12966
RESEARCH ARTICLE
A deep learning-based SAR image change
detection using spatial intuitionistic fuzzy C-means
clustering
Chanchal Ghosh
1
| Dipankar Majumdar
2
| Bikromadittya Mondal
3
1
Department of MCA, Calcutta Institute of
Technology, Howrah, India
2
Department of CSE, RCC Institute of
Information Technology, Kolkata, India
3
Department of CSE, B.P. Poddar Institute
Of Management and Technology, Kolkata,
India
Correspondence
Chanchal Ghosh, Department of MCA,
Calcutta Institute of Technology, Banitable,
Uluberia, Howrah 711316, India.
Email: chanchalghosh80@hotmail.com
Abstract
With the rapid progress of technologies in the arena of
remote sensing and satellite imagery, Synthetic Aperture
Rader (SAR) images have become an important source of
data for research concerning changed detection. Out of
the numerous techniques and approaches available for
change detection in a particular location, most of them are
initially targeted toward producing the difference image. In
this article, a change detection approach is suggested that
produces the result without finding a difference image. We
are motivated toward the design of such an approach to
reduce the effect of the difference image. In this method,
we generate the training and testing sample for CNN clas-
sification directly from the original SAR image without any
pre-processing operations. This reduces the effect of the
difference image on the final classification result. Since tra-
ditional fuzzy c means (FCM) are highly susceptible to noise
and do not give desired results, we use spatial fuzzy c means
(sFCM) with an intuitionistic approach. The intuitionistic
approach refers to the degree of hesitation resulting from
a lack of information. The approach is less hampered by
noise and yields better outcomes. The basic idea of this
method is to find false levels using spatial intuitionistic
fuzzy c means clustering. Thereafter, the CNN is trained
using the samples that are selected from the original sam-
ples using false labels. Finally, the classification results are
generated through the trained CNN. Investigational results