A Review on Vermicomposting of Different Leaf Litters Rajesh Babu Katiyar, S. Suresh and A.K. Sharma Abstract This study focuses on the review of vermicomposting of different leaf litters such as forest litters, polyalthia longifolia, mango, eucalyptus, neam, and water hyacinth with vegetable, agro-residues, kitchen and mixed liquor suspended solid wastes, institutional and industrial (sludge and fibres) waste and Rice husk. Leaf litter accumulating in the urban and suburban locations such as sidewalks and roadside which adds to the overall problem of municipal solid waste disposal. In India and other several countries, leaf litter is often piled-up and set on fire which adds to air pollution. Vermicomposting is the best known process for the biological stabilization of solid organic wastes. Vermicomposting involves the use of earth- worms to mix, fragment and aerate organic waste material, making it more con- ducive to microbial activity and results highly humified product which contains most nutrients in plant-available forms such as nitrates, phosphates, and exchangeable calcium and soluble potassium and also reduction of pathogens. R.B. Katiyar Á S. Suresh (&) Department of Chemical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal 462051, India e-mail: sureshpecchem@gmail.com R.B. Katiyar e-mail: rajeshkatiyar1973@gmail.com A.K. Sharma Department of Civil Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal 462051, India R.B. Katiyar Department of Chemistry, Government Motilal Vigyan Mahavidyalalya, Bhopal, India © Springer International Publishing AG 2017 S. Suresh et al. (eds.), Biofuels and Bioenergy (BICE2016), Springer Proceedings in Energy, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-47257-7_28 305