Electric circuit modeling of fuel cell system
including compressor effect and current ripples
Abbas A. Fardoun
a,*
, Hassan A.N. Hejase
b
, Ali Al-Marzouqi
b
,
Mahmoud Nabag
b
a
Phonecia University, Lebanon
b
UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
article info
Article history:
Received 9 May 2016
Accepted 14 July 2016
Available online xxx
Keywords:
Fuel cell
Electric circuit modeling
Current ripple
Compressor effect
abstract
This study aims to investigate the development of an Electrical Circuit Model (ECM) that
represents the behavior of a PEM fuel cell system. The ECM parameters are identified based
on sets of impedance data obtained by using a characterization process known as Elec-
trochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). In this process, a small magnitude of alter-
nating current sweeping a broad spectrum of frequencies is superimposed on a DC current
drawn from the fuel cell while measuring the resulting voltage response. The measured
impedance is fitted to an ECM using a nonlinear least-square fitting method. The proposed
ECM is able to reflect the voltage response of the system to current ripples and represent
the effect of the compressor. The proposed model is validated using a commercial fuel cell
power module. In general, such model representation is useful for analyzing the effects of
the operating conditions on the fuel cell performance, efficiency and durability. It also
helps in comprehending the effects of current ripple on the fuel cell while operating with
power-conditioning units
© 2016 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Introduction
Fuel cells are considered as a promising solution to the global
energy supply problem among other conventional and
renewable energy sources. Efforts worldwide have intensified
to maintain the development in this field, although it remains
a relatively expensive technology that has yet to attain a
sustainable commercial success [1]. As part of these efforts,
researchers have been interested in modeling and under-
standing the various phenomena associated with the opera-
tion of fuel cells. The different models presented in the
literature [2,3] aim to characterize the behavior of the fuel cells
and to develop both diagnostic and control techniques in
order to ensure safe and extended operation of the fuel cell
systems. Among these models, are the Electrical Circuit
Models (ECMs) that are widely used in interpreting observa-
tions resulting from the characterization of the fuel cells and
which can be integrated with existing electrical SW packages
(e.g., PSPICE). Compared to the mechanistic models, this
modeling technique provides a better understanding of the
different effects of the operating conditions on the fuel cell's
performance by observing the consequent changes in the
circuit parameters. The ECM approach enables researchers to
work on the optimization of the cell's fabrication and the
operating conditions in order to enhance the efficiency and
* Corresponding author.
E-mail addresses: abbasfardoun@gmail.com (A.A. Fardoun), hhejase@uaeu.ac.ae (H.A.N. Hejase), hassana@uaeu.ac.ae (A. Al-Marzouqi),
m.nabag@uaeu.ac.ae (M. Nabag).
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
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journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/he
international journal of hydrogen energy xxx (2016) 1 e7
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.093
0360-3199/© 2016 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Please cite this article in press as: Fardoun AA, et al., Electric circuit modeling of fuel cell system including compressor effect and
current ripples, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy (2016), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.093