Design of Smart Antenna Using
Normalized Leaky LMS and Sign Leaky
LMS Algorithms—A Comparative Study
Ritika Sharma, Anupama Senapati and Jibendu Sekhar Roy
Abstract The main component used in the present day cellular network is an adap-
tive smart antenna, which with the help of a cell site transmit signal in a specific
direction reduces undesired interference. In this paper, a sign leaky least mean square
(SLLMS) algorithm and normalized leaky least mean square (NLLMS) algorithm is
introduced for beam forming in smart antenna. A comparative study is done based on
ability to generate main beam towards desire user, to generate null toward interferer,
maximum side lobe level (SLL
max
) and convergence by varying the signal-to-noise
ratio (SNR).
Keywords Smart antenna · Beam forming · Least mean square algorithm
Side love level
1 Introduction
The advent and popularity of wireless technology has demanded for a greater band-
width in order to increase its user base by using a smart antenna [1]. In smart antenna,
multiple antennas in array form are used to enhance the orientation of the main beam
towards the desired user. The null is aligned towards the interferer and the side lobe
level is lowered. Multiple antennas and smart signal processing algorithm permit the
smart antenna to carry out the desired actions mentioned above. The smart signal
processing algorithm in a smart antenna performs several functions which includes
sizing up the spatial signal signature to get the direction of arrival of signal, rectifying
R. Sharma · A. Senapati · J. S. Roy (B)
School of Electronics Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT)
Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
e-mail: drjsroy@rediffmail.com
R. Sharma
e-mail: ritika.s0110@gmail.com
A. Senapati
e-mail: senapati.anupama@gmail.com
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019
U. Biswas et al. (eds.), Advances in Computer, Communication and Control, Lecture
Notes in Networks and Systems 41, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3122-0_15
143