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Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(6): 07-13
E-ISSN: 2320-7078
P-ISSN: 2349-6800
JEZS 2017; 5(6): 07-13
© 2017 JEZS
Received: 03-09-2017
Accepted: 04-10-2017
Riffat Sultana
Department of Zoology,
University of Sindh, Jamshoro,
Sindh, Pakistan
Santosh Kumar
Department of Zoology,
University of Sindh, Jamshoro,
Sindh, Pakistan
Durdane Yanar
Faculty of Agriculture, Plant
Protection Department,
Gaziosmanpasa University,
Tokat-Turkey
Correspondence
Riffat Sultana
Department of Zoology,
University of Sindh, Jamshoro,
Sindh, Pakistan
Application of entomopathogenic fungi for insect
pests control
Riffat Sultana, Santosh Kumar and Durdane Yanar
Abstract
The grasshoppers and locust are one of the very familiar groups of insects to mankind. They cause
significant damage to crops and cultivators protect their crops by using different chemical pesticides
which put harmful effects on the human as well as on environment. During current era biological control
is recommended to reduce the numbers of insects in field. In the complex of biological control agents
entomopathogenic fungi are more effective and most successfully utilized insect pathogen. In this respect
Aspergillus, Beauveria, Metarhizium, Lecanicillium spp. are gaining importance in the crop pest control
in recent years due to the simpler, easier and cheaper mass production techniques. Many
entomopathogenic species registered world-wide for insect’s control but this practice is currently under
consideration as a potential alternative to chemical insecticides for insects control in Pakistan. Present
study focused on control of acridid because member of this group are major agricultural pests. They
destroyed the rice, sugarcane, wheat, maize and fodder crops in everywhere. For control of this pest
several pesticides of billion rupees are used indiscriminately in every year. So, there should be suitable,
beneficial and cheap alternative of these poisonous chemical. For this purpose the biological control is
very important therefore, an attempt was made to introduce pathogenic fungi, against the reduction of
acridid population in Sindh.
Keywords: Insects, Microbial, Application, Entomopathogenic Fungi, Acridid
1. Introduction
Entomopathogenic fungi are regarded as bio-pesticides and expected to have a significant and
increasing role for the control of locust and grasshopper in world including Pakistan
[60]
. This
microbial agent commonly famous as myco-insecticides that has a great potential to kill locust
and grasshopper species beside this, it also beneficial to control flies, beetles and aphids in
field
[62]
. Pathogenic fungi penetrate into host external surface after utilization of pathogenic
fungi large No. of grasshopper and locust were killed this finding suggests that this microbial
agent is very useful against pest species. Microbial agents that include: bacteria, virus,
nematodes, protozoan and pathogenic fungi are good bio-control agents
[45]
stated that
pathogenic fungi are very important and interesting bio-control discipline due to its observed
capacity that lead to formation of epizootics. Earlier, many workers have done research on this
i-e
[18, 19, 54, 70, 20, 26, 55, 60]
. About 35 genera comprise on 400 species/sub-species of pathogenic
fungi have been identified. These identified species having close association with more than
1800 insect species in field and mostly killed the wide varieties of insect’s population in their
favorable season
[25]
. Pathogenic fungi are cosmopolitan in their distribution and diversity;
they put cruel attack on the insect’s population. Due to their eco-friend and bio-persistence
behavior and easily preference to kill pest species at different developmental stages, their
utilization increase day-by-day. Now large numbers of pathogenic microorganisms are
available for evaluation against grasshopper and locust in the world. Microorganism’s priority
is given to the entomopathogenic fungi and entomopoxvirus that are stable for prolonged
period of storage and application. This microbial agent is considered very useful in IPM
[32]
.
Consequently present attempt has been made to adopt biological control measures against pest
by using the myco-insecticides from this region. A detail study has been done by
[15, 50, 23, 4]
to
assess the mortality ratio of target pest after treating with various entomopathogenic fungi. But
still now, nothing has been published with exception of
[28, 52, 17]
. But, mostly these scientists
worked under environment constant regions that are condition for more infection and could not
consider how this behavior and the overall impact of pathogen might change under more
realistic, variable condition experiment in the field.