Abstract
This project is based on the fuel injectors initially; a multi-hole injector is designed and then the single-hole injector is attached and
converted to a hybrid injector, which is the hybrid combination of multi-hole and single-hole injector which could be controlled electrically.
All these processes are done with software. Solid works is used for designing and ANSYS is used for analysis of the 3D model. The mass
flow rate, pressure and velocity through the inlet and outlet is better when compared to other nozzles. This hybrid fuel injector has
the added advantage of good atomization, providing better nozzle combustion. Then, the nozzle is used to operate a range of fuels,
including JETA, kerosene, gasoline, diesel, and cryogenic fuel. Using the nozzle, each fuel exhibits various properties in terms of pressure
and velocity. The designs are subjected to fluid flow simulation using ANSYS. Particularly, the liquid fuel are injected with very high
pressure and velocity in order to atomize the fuel to form a homogeneous combustion. The present design is done for low viscous fuels.
Keywords: Fuel injectors, ANSYS, Nozzle, Viscous.
Study of hybrid fuel injectors for aircraft engines
Sivasankar G. A
REVIEW ARTICLE
© The Scientific Temper. 2023
Received: 16/07/2023 Accepted: 08/08/2023 Published : 25/09/2023
Department of Aeronautical Engineering, KIT-Kalaignarkarunanidhi
Institute of Technology Coimbatore, India
*Corresponding Author: Sivasankar G. A, Department of
Aeronautical Engineering, KIT-Kalaignarkarunanidhi Institute of
Technology Coimbatore, India, E-Mail: gassaero@gmail.com
How to cite this article: Sivasankar, G.A. (2023).Study of hybrid
fuel injectors for aircraft engines. The Scientific Temper, 14(3):
963-966.
Doi: 10.58414/SCIENTIFICTEMPER.2023.14.3.62
Source of support: Nil
Conflict of interest: None.
Introducon
A multi-hole nozzle has many outlet openings, whereas a
single-hole nozzle only has one outlet opening through
which fluid can flow. Depending on the design and
application, a multi-hole nozzle’s number of holes might
change. When compared to a single-hole nozzle, the
fundamental benefit of employing a multi-hole nozzle is
that it enables a more uniform dispersion of fluid flow. This
can be especially helpful in situations like fuel injection in
engines, where a more uniform spray pattern can increase
combustion efficiency and lower emissions. On the other
hand, a single-hole nozzle might be preferred in some
situations where a highly concentrated, fast-moving jet of
fluid is needed. A hybrid fuel injector is a particular kind of
fuel injector that can run on two distinct fuels at once. It is
frequently employed in hybrid automobiles, which run on
both fuel and electricity. One set of nozzles on the hybrid
fuel injector is usually used for gasoline and the other for
The Scientific Temper (2023) Vol. 14 (3): 963-966 E-ISSN: 2231-6396, ISSN: 0976-8653
Doi: 10.58414/SCIENTIFICTEMPER.2023.14.3.62 https://scientifictemper.com/
electric fuel. The injector’s nozzles are placed carefully to
deliver fuel to the engine at the proper time and in the
appropriate amounts. The engine control module (ECM),
which watches the vehicle’s working conditions and
modifies the fuel flow as necessary, operates the hybrid
fuel injector. The injector feeds fuel into the engine when
the car is in gasoline mode. The injector, however, feeds the
motor with electric fuel when the cars is in electric mode.
In comparison to conventional fuel injectors, the hybrid
fuel injector is intended to offer greater fuel efficiency
and lower emissions. Additionally, it enables seamless
transitions between gasoline and electric power for
hybrid cars, resulting in a smooth and effective operation.
The hybrid fuel injector is a crucial part of hybrid vehicle
technology, enabling higher fuel efficiency and lessening
transportation’s effect on the environment.
As a result, the idea of an injection system for gasoline
engines is not novel. An ongoing amount of continuous
metered fuel used in automobile engines. In order to make
the engines work smoothly, the gasoline injection device.
The injector receives the fuel from the pimp and is released
as a finely atomized mist into the air stream instead of
carburetion, which combines fuel and airflow. Observable
differences between the carburetor and the device for
injecting gasoline. The throttle valve’s location regulates
the flow of into the intake manifold with the combination.
Literature Survey
“Fuel atomization for next-generation gas turbine
combustors” by M. A. Benjamin was published in Atomization
and Sprays journal in 2000. The article discusses the