Chapter 3 Perspectives and Challenges of Internationalising Higher Education from and for the Global South Fernanda Leal a , Kyria Rebeca Finardi b and Maria Julieta Abba c a Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil b Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Brazil c Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Brazil Abstract The immersion of global higher education in a competitive, economy- oriented paradigm calls for perspectives on internationalisation that are explicitly aimed at shaping cooperative, sustainable and alternative/ decolonial futures. The authors of this chapter recognise the relevance of research perspectives that – epistemologically aligned with critical inter- nationalisation studies – emphasise the dilemmas and contradictions of internationalisation of higher education (IHE). In this chapter, the authors therefore present reflections that confront the hegemonic discourse that portrays the phenomenon of IHE as an unconditional good. The authors dialogue with the idea of promoting a perspective of IHE from and for the Global South – that is, one that instead of suppressing, recognises the epistemic plurality of the world. To do so, the authors assume that any critical efforts to address internationalisation in the context of the Global South can be enriched when explicitly situated within colonial history. The authors argue that looking towards the future of IHE requires a look towards its past. Specifically, the authors bring together four interrelated lines of argument: (i) recognising the university as a historical producer and reproducer of colonial hierarchies; (ii) conceiving the Global South as a field of epistemic challenges; (iii) having a non-myopic view of South– South cooperation; and (iv) spreading the epistemological horizon of Critical Reflections on the Internationalisation of Higher Education in the Global South Diverse Perspectives on Creating a Fairer Society, 33–47 Copyright © 2024 by Fernanda Leal, Kyria Rebeca Finardi and Maria Julieta Abba Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited doi:10.1108/978-1-80455-778-520241003