J Ind Compet Trade (2013) 13:209–219
DOI 10.1007/s10842-011-0121-6
Third-Degree Price Discrimination, Consumption
Externalities, and Market Opening
Tomohisa Okada · Takanori Adachi
Received: 4 October 2011 / Revised: 30 November 2011 /
Accepted: 12 December 2011 / Published online: 30 December 2011
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011
Abstract This study investigates the effects of monopolistic third-degree price dis-
crimination on market opening in the presence of consumption externalities between
separate markets. Assuming symmetric interdependent linear demands and constant
marginal cost, we indicate the possibility that with negative externalities a monop-
olist can do better by closing the relatively small market from the social welfare
viewpoint, while it prefers opening that market if price discrimination is feasible.
This result contradicts the previous literature on third-degree price discrimination
and market opening which asserts that, in the case of non-increasing marginal cost,
price discrimination improves social welfare if it opens new markets that are closed
under uniform pricing.
Keywords third-degree price discrimination · consumption externalities ·
market opening
JEL Classification D42 · D62 · L50
1 Introduction
This paper analyzes monopolistic third-degree price discrimination for a single
final product in an economic environment where consumer’s tastes are exhibiting
consumption externalities between two separate markets. In particular, we study
the effects of price discrimination on market opening. In the literature of third-
degree price discrimination, it is widely held that price discrimination necessarily
enhances social welfare if it opens up a new market that is not served under uniform
T. Okada (B) · T. Adachi
School of Economics, Nagoya University, 1 Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
e-mail: tomookada@nagoya-u.jp
T.Adachi
e-mail: adachi.t@soec.nagoya-u.ac.jp