Applicability and new trends of different electrode materials and its combinations in electro coagulation process: A brief review Sivaranjani a , Abdul Gafoor b , Nasar Ali c , Sathees Kumar b , Ramalakshmi b , Sabeena Begum d , Zunaithur Rahman e,⇑ a Department of Civil Engineering, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Saguntala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-600 062, Tamilnadu, India b Department of Civil Engineering, Mohamed Sathak Engineering College, Kilakarai-623 806, Tamil Nadu, India c Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Samara University, Afar-7260, Ethiopia d Department of Physics, Mohamed Sathak Engineering College, Kilakarai - 623 806, Tamil Nadu, India e Department of Physics, Mohamed Sathak Engineering College, Kilakarai 623 806, Tamil Nadu, India article info Article history: Received 7 May 2020 Accepted 13 May 2020 Available online xxxx Keywords: Industrial effluent Electrocoagulation Direct current Energy consumption and eco friendly Eco friendly abstract Different technologies such as physical, chemical, biological, advanced oxidations and electro-chemical methods are involved in the treatment of industrial effluent. The widely followed biological treatment techniques are required more time, wide operational space and are not effective for wastewater contains heavy metal and hazardous elements. The advanced oxidation process needs tremendous operational cost and is usually procure high immaculate water. The chemical coagulation process is time delaying and brings about a huge volume of sludge. In the electrostatic coagulation process, the electrode plates are dissolved in the wastewater by a direct current source of metal electrodes immersed in the effluent. Electrocoagulation (EC) has a newly followed method used for treating industrial effluent due to its adaptability and cost-effective eco-friendly method. EC has been used for treating a wide range of indus- trial effluent. These metal ions combine with hydroxide ions to form metal hydroxide which acts as the coagulant for the destabilization of suspended as well as dissolved pollutants in the industrial wastew- ater. Therefore, the intention of this review paper is the possibility of EC for the treatment of industrial effluents as well as energy consumption in the EC. Ó 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Confer- ence on Newer Trends and Innovation in Mechanical Engineering: Materials Science 1. Introduction The textile wastewater fluctuation broadly depends on the composition of scum in fibers and the chemicals used in various stages. A large quantity of wastewater generated during the dying of cloths in the different stages like bleaching, dyeing, printing, and finishing. The primary contaminants in textile effluent are espe- cially the organic and inorganic chemicals. Dyeing substance is the main pollutant in the textile wastewater and should be treated before releasing the wastewater into the water body. Untreated effluent produces an aesthetic issue, affects water transparency and aquatic life damage [1–7]. The metal plating industry is dis- charging a huge quantity of wastewaters into the ecosystem which directly or indirectly increases metals and other hazardous sub- stances to the environment [8]. Almost all the metals such as nickel, lead, and zinc are unsafe when they are freed without purification, due to that they are biologically inactive and lead to agglomerate in living organisms, and most of the heavy metal ions are harmful or destructive. Because of their huge toxicity, indus- trial effluents are rigorously monitored and have to be treated pre- viously being released. Different methods were adopted for the removal of heavy metals, such as precipitation, adsorption ion- exchange and EC [9–17]. Wastes from oil and gas well drilling activities have hazardous characteristics and the ability to brunt the environment. Two main types of pollution from oils and gas industries is drilling fluids and cutting for the extraction process. In remedial measure for the drilled wastewater is an important thing in an aspect of huge vol- ume in day to day life. The processing of drilled effluent remit by various approaches, but generally adopted are membrane https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.05.379 2214-7853/Ó 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Conference on Newer Trends and Innovation in Mechanical Engineering: Materials Science ⇑ Corresponding author. E-mail address: zunaithur@gmail.com (Z. Rahman). Materials Today: Proceedings xxx (xxxx) xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Materials Today: Proceedings journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/matpr Please cite this article as: .zz Sivaranjani, A. Gafoor, N. Ali et al., Applicability and new trends of different electrode materials and its combinations in electro coagulation process: A brief review, Materials Today: Proceedings, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.05.379