Determination of Traffic Emissions from Pollution
Measurements and DispersionModelling
A contribution to subproject SATURN
Ole Hertel\ Ruwim Berkowicz*, Finn Palmgren\
Eugene Genikhovich^, Alexander Ziv^ and Ekaterina lakovleva^
^National Environmental Research Institute, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde,
Denmark
^Main Geophysical Observatory, Kurbysheva, St. Petersburg, Russia
Introduction
In most European cities emissions from road traffic has become the most
important source of local air pollution. Monitoring programmes are in
operation in most larger European cities with the aim of following the
development in local air quality and studying the impact of various pollution
regulations. The later is not straightforward, since pollution levels do not only
depend on the emissions but also on factors like street configuration and
meteorological conditions. The relationship between emissions and pollution
concentrations can be established by means of an air quality model describing
the governing physical and chemical processes. The opposite procedure (an
inverse method) can be formulated as:
having air pollution measurements, emissions from traffic can be
calculated applying the relationships described by an air quality model.
Such a procedure was applied to measurements from an extensive monitoring
site at Jagtvej, Copenhagen and using the Operational Street Pollution Model
(OSPM) (Berkowicz et #/., 1997). In extensive tests on measurements from a
number of monitoring sites, OSPM has shown to give a satisfactory description
of the air pollutant dispersion in urban streets. The inverse method has
previously been applied for estimation of benzene emission factors for the
Danish car fleet (Palmgren et al, 1995) and will be implemented in a trafficair
pollution surveillance project in St.Petersburg, Russia.
Editors: P.M. Borrell and P. Borrell
© 1999: WITPRESS, Southampton
Transactions on Ecology and the Environment vol 28, © 1999 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3541